Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann (14 May 1805 – 10 March 1900) was, together with his son-in-law Niels W. Gade, the leading Danish composer of the 19th century, a period known as the Danish Golden Age.[1] According to Alfred Einstein, he was "the real founder of the Romantic movement in Denmark and even in all Scandinavia".[2] J.P.E. Hartmann was the third generation of composers in the Danish musical Hartmann family.