 | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (June 2010) |
 John Kinney Gang members with John Kinney at left side | |
| Founded | 1880s |
|---|---|
| Founder | John Kinney |
| Founding location | Doña Ana County, New Mexico |
| Years active | December 31, 1875 – 1883 |
| Membership | 17 |
| Activities | Robbery and cattle rustling |
The John Kinney Gang, also known as the Rio Grande Posse, was an outlaw gang of the Old West which operated during the mid-1870s into the mid-1880s.
The gang was organized by outlaw John Kinney, in Doña Ana County, New Mexico. From its beginning, the gang primarily committed acts of robbery and cattle rustling. On December 31, 1875, the gang was involved in a gunfight with US Cavalry soldiers in a saloon in Las Cruces, New Mexico. According to different accounts, they killed one[1] or two soldiers[2] and a civilian outright and wounded three soldiers[1][3]
They became best known when they were enlisted by the "Murphy-Dolan Faction" during the Lincoln County War, to counter Billy the Kid and his "Regulators". Former gang member Jesse Evans and his gang were also enlisted by "Murphy-Dolan". Lincoln County Sheriff George Peppin deputized the gang members to make them "official" during this time.
After the Lincoln County War ended, they resumed their previous criminal activities, with some members remaining with the Kinney Gang, while others joined the Jesse Evans Gang or John Selman's gang.
The Kinney Gang disbanded when John Kinney was arrested in 1883 for rustling. He was released from prison in 1886, but by that time all former gang members had either disappeared, were in prison or dead. John Kinney did not return to his former outlaw life, instead serving in the US Army during the Spanish–American War, and lived until 1919.
- ^ a b Nolan, Frederick (1998). The West of Billy the Kid. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0806131047.
- ^ Johnson, David (2008). John Ringo, King of the Cowboys : His Life and Times from the Hoo Doo War to Tombstone. Denton, Texas: University of North Texas Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-1574412437
- ^ According to one contemporary report dated January 3rd 1876, the soldiers came from "E" Company/Third Battalion/8th U.S. Cavalry. Two persons were killed-a Private Le Voir and a Mexican and three other soldiers were badly wounded and another soldier was found badly beaten. See Arizona citizen., January 15, 1876, Image 2. According to one newspaper report January 29, 1876 there were 3 to 4 killed and one crippled. See the Las Vegas gazette. volume, January 29, 1876, Image 1. There are different versions of casualties-see Footnotes #1; #2 #3 on Pony Diehl article. According to 1961 The English Westerners Brand Book Volume 3-13 "...Private John Reovir and a Mexican were killed and three soldiers, Benedict Alig, Hugh McBride, and Samuel Spence, and a Mexican were seriously wounded...". In addition another soldier would die of Injuries. See Nolan p.64]That the number of casualties was six is confirmed-see Nolan, Frederick (1998). The West of Billy the Kid. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0806131047. {reference only}