Sir John Thompson | |
|---|---|
 Thompson in 1891 | |
| 4th Prime Minister of Canada | |
| In office December 5, 1892 – December 12, 1894 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Governors General | The Lord Stanley of Preston The Earl of Aberdeen |
| Preceded by | John Abbott |
| Succeeded by | Mackenzie Bowell |
| 5th Premier of Nova Scotia | |
| In office May 25, 1882 – July 18, 1882 | |
| Monarch | Victoria |
| Lieutenant Governor | Adams George Archibald |
| Preceded by | Simon Hugh Holmes |
| Succeeded by | William Thomas Pipes |
| MLA for Antigonish County | |
| In office December 4, 1877 – July 27, 1882 Serving with Daniel MacDonald, Angus McGillivray | |
| Preceded by | John J. McKinnon |
| Succeeded by | Charles B. Whidden |
| Member of Parliament for Antigonish | |
| In office October 16, 1885 – December 12, 1894 | |
| Preceded by | Angus McIsaac |
| Succeeded by | Colin Francis McIsaac |
| Personal details | |
| Born | November 10, 1845 Halifax, Nova Scotia |
| Died | December 12, 1894 (aged 49) Windsor, Berkshire, England |
| Cause of death | Heart attack |
| Resting place | Holy Cross Cemetery, Halifax |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 9 |
| Signature |  |
Sir John Sparrow David Thompson PC KCMG QC (November 10, 1845 – December 12, 1894) was a Canadian lawyer, judge and politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Canada from 1892 until his death. He had previously been fifth premier of Nova Scotia for a brief period in 1882, and as of 2024[update], is the only prime minister who was previously a provincial premier.
Thompson was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He trained as a lawyer and was called to the bar in 1865. Thompson was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in 1877 as a representative of the Conservative Party. He became the provincial attorney general the following year, in Simon Holmes' government, replaced Holmes as premier in 1882. However, he served for only two months before losing the 1882 general election to the Liberal Party. After losing the premiership, he accepted an appointment to the Nova Scotia Supreme Court.
In 1885, Thompson entered federal politics at the personal request of Prime Minister John A. Macdonald, becoming Minister of Justice. In that role he was the driving force behind the enactment of the Criminal Code. Thompson became prime minister in 1892, following the retirement of John Abbott. He was the first Roman Catholic to hold the position. On a trip to England in 1894, Thompson unexpectedly suffered a heart attack and died, aged 49. He is the second and most recent Canadian prime minister to have died in office, after John A. Macdonald.