Joshua L. Chamberlain | |
|---|---|
 Chamberlain in the 1860s | |
| 32nd Governor of Maine | |
| In office January 2, 1867 – January 4, 1871 | |
| Preceded by | Samuel Cony |
| Succeeded by | Sidney Perham |
| 6th President of Bowdoin College | |
| In office 1871–1883 | |
| Preceded by | Samuel Harris |
| Succeeded by | William De Witt Hyde |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Lawrence Joshua Chamberlain September 8, 1828 Brewer, Maine, U.S. |
| Died | February 24, 1914 (aged 85) Portland, Maine, U.S. |
| Resting place | Pine Grove Cemetery, Brunswick, Maine |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 5 |
| Residence | Brunswick, Maine |
| Alma mater | Bowdoin College |
| Profession | Professor, Soldier |
| Signature | _from_Genealogical_and_Family_History_of_the_State_of_Maine.png){kind=small} |
| Nickname(s) | "Lion of the Round Top" "Bloody Chamberlain" |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States (Union) |
| Branch/service | |
| Years of service | 1862–1866 |
| Rank | |
| Commands |
|
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards | Medal of Honor |
Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain (born Lawrence Joshua Chamberlain, September 8, 1828 – February 24, 1914)[1][2] was an American college professor and politician from Maine who volunteered during the American Civil War to join the Union Army. He became a highly respected and decorated Union officer, reaching the rank of brigadier general (and brevet major general). He is best known for his gallantry at the Battle of Gettysburg, leading a bayonet charge, for which he was awarded the Medal of Honor.
Chamberlain was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the 20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment in 1862, and fought at the Battle of Fredericksburg. He became commander of the regiment in June 1863 when losses at the Battle of Chancellorsville elevated the original commander, Colonel Adelbert Ames, to brigade command.[3] During the second day's fighting at Gettysburg on July 2, Chamberlain's regiment occupied the extreme left of the Union lines at Little Round Top. Chamberlain's men withstood repeated assaults from the 15th Alabama Infantry Regiment and finally drove the Confederates away with a downhill bayonet charge. Chamberlain was severely wounded while commanding a brigade during the Second Battle of Petersburg in June 1864, and was given what was intended to be a deathbed promotion to brigadier general. In April 1865, he fought at the Battle of Five Forks and was given the honor of commanding the Union troops at the surrender ceremony for the infantry of Robert E. Lee's Army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia.
After the war, he entered politics as a Republican and served four one-year terms of office as the 32nd Governor of Maine from 1867 to 1871. After leaving office, he returned to his alma mater, Bowdoin College, serving as its president until 1883. He died in 1914 at age 85 due to complications from the wound that he received at Petersburg.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Eicherwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Trulock, p. 26.
- ^ "Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain". American Battlefield Trust. January 6, 2010. Retrieved June 22, 2020.