Judenrat

Judenrat in the town of Szydłowiec in occupied Poland, where the Jewish population was in the majority before the Holocaust

A Judenrat[a] (German: [ˈjuːdn̩ˌʁaːt], lit.'Jewish council') was an administrative body established in German-occupied Europe during World War II which purported to represent a Jewish community in dealings with the Nazi authorities. The Germans required Jews to form Judenräte across the occupied territories at local and sometimes national levels.[1]

Judenräte were particularly common in Nazi ghettos in Eastern Europe where in some cases, such as the Łódź Ghetto, and in Theresienstadt, they were known as the "Jewish Council of Elders" (Jüdischer Ältestenrat or Ältestenrat der Juden).[2] Jewish communities themselves had established councils for self-government as early as the Middle Ages. The Jewish community used the Hebrew term Kahal (קהל) or Kehillah (קהילה), whereas the German authorities generally used the term Judenräte.[citation needed]


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  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Trunk1972 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "The Ghettos Theresienstadt". Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority. Archived from the original on 25 December 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011.