Judicate of Gallura Iudicatus Gallurae Gallura | |||||||||
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| 11th century–1296 | |||||||||
 Coat of arms
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.svg) Gallura | |||||||||
| Capital | Civita | ||||||||
| Common languages | Sardinian, Latin | ||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | ||||||||
| Government | Judicate (kingdom) | ||||||||
| Judge | |||||||||
• 1020 - 1040 | Manfred of Gallura | ||||||||
• 1200 - 1225 | Elena of Gallura | ||||||||
• 1276 - 1296 | Nino Visconti | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 11th century | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1296 | ||||||||
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The Judicate of Gallura (Latin: Iudicatus Gallurae, Sardinian: Judicadu de Gallura, Italian: Giudicato di Gallura) was one of four Sardinian judicates in the Middle Ages. These were independent states whose rulers bore the title iudex, judge. Gallura, a name which comes from gallus, meaning rooster (cock), was subdivided into ten curatoriae governed by curatores under the judge. In the 13th century, the arms of Gallura contained a rooster.
Gallura encompasses the northeast region of the island, with its main city at Olbia. The first iudices of Gallura only appear in the historical record late in the eleventh century, though certain rulers of earlier periods are known. Gallura, like all the other Sardinian kingdoms, initially owed allegiance to the Archdiocese of Pisa, but unlike most of the others it remained relatively steadfast in its support of Pisa, probably due to its proximity to the city of Pisa itself. For this reason, it was often in alliance with the Kingdom of Cagliari in the south.