Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Judicial System of the Islamic Republic of Iran
قوه قضاییه جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Emblem of the Judicial System
Kakh-e Dadgostari
Established	1905
Jurisdiction	Iran
Location	Tehran
Composition method	Supreme Leader selection
Authorised by	Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Judge term length	5 years
Head of the Judiciary
Currently	Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i
Since	1 July 2021
Deputy Head of the Judiciary
Currently	Hamzeh Khalili
Since	18 April 2024

The Islamic Republic of Iran was founded after the 1979 overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty by the Islamic Revolution, and its legal code is based on Islamic law or sharia, although many aspects of civil law have been retained, and it is integrated into a civil law legal system. According to the constitution of the Islamic Republic, the judiciary in Iran "is an independent power". The entire legal system—"from the Supreme Court to regional courts, all the way down to local and revolutionary courts"—is under the purview of the Ministry of Justice, but in addition to a Minister of Justice and head of the Supreme Court, there is also a separate appointed Head of the Judiciary.^[1] Parliamentary bills pertaining to the constitution are vetted by the Council of Guardians.

The original nationwide judicial system in Iran was implemented and established by Abdolhossein Teymourtash under Reza Shah, with further changes during the second Pahlavi era.