| IZUMO1R | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | IZUMO1R, Folbp3, JUNO, FOLR4, Juno (protein), IZUMO1 receptor, JUNO, FR-delta | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 615737; MGI: 1929185; HomoloGene: 11283; GeneCards: IZUMO1R; OMA:IZUMO1R - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Juno also known as folate receptor 4, folate receptor delta or IZUMO1R is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOLR4 gene.[5] Juno is a member of the folate receptor family[6] and is GPI-anchored to the plasmalemma of the mammalian egg cell that recognizes its sperm-riding counterpart, IZUMO1, and facilitates fertilization. The protein was named after Juno, the Roman goddess of fertility and marriage.[7]
After the initial fertilisation stage, a sudden decrease of Juno from the egg cell surface occurs and Juno becomes virtually undetectable after just 40 minutes.[7][8] Still, after fertilization via intracytoplasmic sperm injection, the egg cell does not lose cell-surface expression of Juno, which suggests that Juno contributes to the prevention of polyspermy.[8] Mice lacking Juno on the surface of their egg cells are infertile because their egg cells do not fuse with normal sperm, demonstrating Juno's essential role in the fertility of female mice.[7]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183560 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031933 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: Folate receptor 4, delta (putative)".
- ^ Spiegelstein O, Eudy JD, Finnell RH (Nov 2000). "Identification of two putative novel folate receptor genes in humans and mouse". Gene. 258 (1–2): 117–25. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00418-2. PMID 11111049.
- ^ a b c "Sperm meets egg: protein essential for fertilization discovered". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. 16 April 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2014.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
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