Juramentado

Juramentado, in Philippine history, refers to a male Moros swordsman (from the Tausug tribe of Sulu) who attacked and killed targeted occupying and invading police and soldiers, expecting to be killed himself, the martyrdom undertaken as a form of jihad, considered a form of suicide attack.[1][2][3][4][5] Unlike an amok, who commits acts of random violence against Muslims and non-Muslims alike, a juramentado was a dedicated, premeditated, and sometimes highly skilled warrior who prepared himself through a ritual of binding, shaving, and prayer in order to accomplish brazen attacks armed only with edged weapons.

For generations warlike Moro tribes had successfully prevented Spain from fully controlling the areas around Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, developing a well-earned reputation as notorious seafaring raiders, adept naval tacticians, and ferocious warriors who frequently demonstrated extraordinary personal bravery in combat. While Moro forces could never match opponents' firepower or armor, such bands used intelligence, audacity and mobility to raid strongly defended targets and quickly defeat more vulnerable ones. One extreme asymmetric warfare tactic was the Moro juramentado.

  1. ^ Luga, Alan R. (2002). Muslim Insurgency in Mindanao, Philippines (Master's thesis). United States Army Command and General Staff College. p. 10. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021.
  2. ^ Turbiville, Graham H. Jr. "Bearers of the Sword Radical Islam, Philippines Insurgency, and Regional Stability". Archived from the original on June 21, 2012. Retrieved June 21, 2012.
  3. ^ McKenna, Thomas M. (1994). "The Defiant Periphery: Routes of Iranun Resistance in the Philippines". Social Analysis: The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice. 35 (35): 11–27. JSTOR 23171780.
  4. ^ "Philippines". dogbrothers.com. Archived from the original on April 8, 2016.
  5. ^ Russel, Florence Kimball (1907). A Woman's Journey Through the Philippines: On a Cable Ship That Linked Together the Strange Lands Seen En Route. Boston: L. C. Page & Company. Archived from the original on April 13, 2016.