Kapitan Cina, also spelled Kapitan China or Capitan China or Capitan Chino (English: Captain of the Chinese; Chinese: 華人甲必丹; pinyin: Huárén Jiǎbìdān; Dutch: Kapitein der Chinezen; Spanish: Capitán Chino), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Borneo, and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders.[1][2][3] Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively.[4]
- ^ The Kapitan System and Secret Societies published in Chinese politics in Malaysia: a history of the Malaysian Chinese Association - Page 14
- ^ Southeast Asia-China interactions: reprint of articles from the Journal of the Malaysian Branch, Royal Asiatic Society, Issue 25 of M.B.R.A.S. reprint, 2007, - Page 549
- ^ Buxbaum, David C.; Association of Southeast Asian Institutions of Higher Learning (2013). Family Law and Customary Law in Asia: A Contemporary Legal Perspective. Springer. ISBN 9789401762168. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
- ^ Budisantoso, S.; (Indonesia), Proyek Pengkajian dan Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Budaya (1994). Studi pertumbuhan dan pemudaran kota pelabuhan: kasus Barus dan Si Bolga (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional, Proyek Pengkajian dan Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Budaya Pusat. Retrieved 29 March 2018.