Kargopolsky Uyezd (Каргопольский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Olonets Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kargopol. The territory of the uyezd is now part of the Kargopolsky, Nyandomsky and Plesetsky districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast.