Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach | |
|---|---|
 Diefenbach around 1885 with his son Helios (born 1880), taken by German photographer Georg Pettendorfer | |
| Born | 21 February 1851 |
| Died | 15 December 1913 (aged 62) |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation(s) | artist and social reformer |
| Known for | reform movement |
| Movement | Lebensreform (life-reform), Freikörperkultur (FKK, naturism) and peace movement |
Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach (21 February 1851 in Hadamar – 15 December 1913 in Capri) was a German painter and social reformer.[1]
Diefenbach is regarded as the "forefather of alternative movements" and one of the most important champions of the Lebensreform (life-reform), the Freikörperkultur (naturism) and the peace movement. His rural commune Himmelhof, in Ober Sankt Veit near Vienna (1897–1899) was the model for the reform settlement Monte Verità near Ascona,[2] founded by his student Gustav Gräser, who is also known as the "Grail of Modernity". As a painter, Diefenbach was an independent representative of symbolism.[3]
- ^ Opitz, Manuel (2018). "Künstler, Kulturrebell, Kommunarde:Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach" [Artist, cultural rebel, communard: Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach] (in German). Hamburg: Der Spiegel Geschichte. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
- ^ Müller, Hermann (2011). Himmelhof. Urzelle der Alternativbewegung, 1897-1899. Recklinghausen: Umbruch-Verlag. p. 210. ISBN 978-3-937-72608-3.
- ^ Zäuner, Günther (2018). "Der Kohlrabi-Apostel und seine Jünger (1899)". Halbseidenes kaiserliches Wien: 12 Krimis aus dem Fin de Siècle [Semi-silk imperial Vienna: 12 thrillers from the end of the century] (in German). Marchtrenk: Verlag federfrei. ISBN 9783990740163. Retrieved 16 January 2022.