Karramiyya

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Karramiyya (Arabic: كرّاميّه, romanized: Karrāmiyyah) was a Hanafi-Mujassim-Murji'ah[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] sect in Islam which flourished in the central and eastern parts of the Islamic worlds, and especially in the Iranian regions, from the 9th century until the Mongol invasions in the 13th century.[8]

The sect was founded by a Sistani named Muhammad ibn Karram[9] (d. 896) who was a popular preacher in Khurasan in the 9th century in the vicinity of Nishapur. He later emigrated with many of his followers to Jerusalem. According to him, the Karrāmites were also called the "followers of Abū'Abdallāh" (aṣḥāb Abī'Abdallāh) .[10] Its main distribution areas were in Greater Khorasan, Transoxiana and eastern peripheral areas of Iran. Early Ghaznavids and the early Ghurid dynasty granted the Karrāmīyan rulership. The most important center of the community remained until the end of the 11th century Nishapur. After its decline, the Karrāmīya survived only in Ghazni and Ghor in the area of today's Afghanistan.

  1. ^ ""Definition: Karramiyyah"" (in Arabic). islamic-content.com.
  2. ^ Moshe Gil (1997). A History of Palestine, 634-1099. Translated by Ethel Broido. Cambridge University Press. p. 301. ISBN 9780521599849.
  3. ^ Nile Green (2012). Sufism: A Global History. John Wiley & Sons. p. 45. ISBN 9781405157612.
  4. ^ Al-Dhahabi. "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala' (The Biographies of the Most Noble)" (in Arabic). Islamweb.net.
  5. ^ Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani. "Lisan al-Mizan (Tongue of the Balance)" (in Arabic). al-eman.com.
  6. ^ "من هم "الكرامية" ولماذا وصفهم أهل السنة والجماعة بأصحاب البدعة؟" (in Arabic). Youm7.
  7. ^ KERRÂMİYYE, TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, v. 25, pp. 294-296, 2002.
  8. ^ Karrāmiyya. BRILL. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
  9. ^ Encyclopedia Iranica, "KARRĀMIYA"
  10. ^ Zysow: Two unrecognized Karrāmī texts. 1988, p. 580