Kasatkin (Russian: Касаткин, from касатка meaning killer whale , swallow or small bird) is a Russian masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Kasatkina. An American variant is Kassatkin. It may refer to:
- Anton Kasatkin, a Russian soccer player, FC Luch-Energia Vladivostok
- Daria Kasatkina (born 1997), Russian tennis player
- Lyudmila Kasatkina (1925–2012), Russian actress
- Nikolay Kasatkin (1859–1930), a Russian/Soviet painter
- Nicholas of Japan, born Ivan Kasatkin (1836–1912), a Russian Orthodox priest, monk, and saint
- Tatyana Kasatkina (born 1963), a Russian philosopher, philologist, culture expert, religious scholar and writer
- Vasily Kasatkin, a rector of the Moscow State University in 1930–1934