Kemalism

The Six Arrows

Kemalism (Turkish: Kemalizm, also archaically Kamâlizm)[1] or Atatürkism (Turkish: Atatürkçülük) is a political ideology based on the ideas of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey.[2][3] Its symbol is the Six Arrows (Turkish: Altı Ok).

Atatürk's Turkey was defined by sweeping political, social, cultural, and religious reforms designed to separate the Republican state from its Ottoman predecessor and embrace a Western-style lifestyle,[4] including the establishment of secularism/laicism, state support of the sciences, gender equality, economic statism and more. Most of those policies were first introduced to and implemented in Turkey during Atatürk's presidency through his reforms.

  1. ^ Kamâlizm (1936) by Mehmet Şeref Aykut
  2. ^ Eric J. Zurcher, Turkey: A Modern History. New York, J.B. Tauris & Co ltd. page 181
  3. ^ Yazıcı, Berna (October 2001). ""Discovering Our Past": Are "We" Breaking Taboos? Reconstructing Atatürkism and the Past in Contemporary Turkey". New Perspectives on Turkey. 25: 1–30. doi:10.1017/S0896634600003587. ISSN 0896-6346.
  4. ^ Cleveland, William L., and Martin P. Bunton. A History of the Modern Middle East. Boulder: Westview, 2013.