Khanaqin

Khanaqin
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Xaneqîn
City
Alwand River in Khanaqin with the historical Alwand Bridge on top of it
Alwand River in Khanaqin with the historical Alwand Bridge on top of it
Khanaqin is located in Iraq
Khanaqin
Khanaqin
Khanaqin's location inside Iraq
Coordinates: 34°20′N 45°23′E / 34.333°N 45.383°E / 34.333; 45.383
Country Iraq
GovernorateDiyala Governorate
DistrictKhanaqin
Elevation
183 m (602 ft)
Population
 (2008)[1]
 • Total
175,000

Khanaqin (Arabic: خانقين;[2] Kurdish: خانەقین, romanized: Xaneqîn[3][4]) is the central city of Khanaqin District in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, near the Iranian border (8 km) on the Alwand tributary of the Diyala River.[1] The town is populated by Kurds who speak the Southern Kurdish dialect.[5] Khanaqin is situated on the main road which Shia pilgrims use when visiting holy Islamic cities.[1] The city is moreover rich in oil and the first Iraqi oil refinery and oil pipeline was built nearby in 1927.[6][7] The main tribes of Khanaqin include Kalhor,[8] Feyli,[9] Zand,[10] Malekshahi[11] Suramiri,[12] Arkavazi[13] and Zangana.[14]

The city experienced Arabization during the Saddam era, but this has been substantially reversed after the fall of the regime in 2003 and remains disputed.[1][15]

  1. ^ a b c d "Khanaqin". Britannica. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  2. ^ "خانقين صورة حية عن التعايش السلمي في العراق". Kirkuknow (in Arabic). 1 February 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  3. ^ "Daişê li Gulale û Xaneqîn hêriş kirin ser hêzên Îraqê" (in Kurdish). Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  4. ^ "چەتەکانی داعش لە دیالە و خانەقین دەستیان بە هێرش کردووەتەوە". ANF News (in Kurdish). Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  5. ^ Chaman Ara, Behrooz; Amiri, Cyrus (12 March 2018). "Gurani: practical language or Kurdish literary idiom?". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 45 (4): 627–643. doi:10.1080/13530194.2018.1430536. S2CID 148611170.
  6. ^ "Diyala (ديالى)". ISW - Institute for the study of war. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  7. ^ Sorkhabi, Rasoul (2009). "Oil from Babylon to Iraq". Geo ExPro. Retrieved 23 October 2020.
  8. ^ Chaman Ara, Behrooz; Amiri, Cyrus (12 March 2018). "Gurani: practical language or Kurdish literary idiom?". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 45 (4): 627–643. doi:10.1080/13530194.2018.1430536. S2CID 148611170.
  9. ^ Adel Soheil (March 2019). The Iraqi Ba'th Regime's Atrocities Against the Faylee Kurds: Nation-State. pp. 83–84. ISBN 978-91-7785-892-8.
  10. ^ Archibald Roosevelt (1944). "Kurdish tribal map of Iraq : showing the Iraq portion of Kurdistan and the major Kurdish tribal divisions within Iraq". Yale University.
  11. ^ Fattah, Ismaïl Kamandâr (2000). Les dialectes kurdes méridionaux. Acta Iranica 37. pp. 30–31.
  12. ^ "ایل سوره میری (سوره مهری یا سرخه مهری)". April 4, 1396.
  13. ^ "ایل ارکوازی - معنی در دیکشنری آبادیس". abadis.ir. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  14. ^ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Genocide in Iraq: The Anfal Campaign Against the Kurds". Refworld. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).