Khanate of Bukhara | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1501–1785 | |||||||||||||||
 The Khanate of Bukhara (green), c. 1598. | |||||||||||||||
| Capital | 39°46′N 64°26′E / 39.767°N 64.433°E | ||||||||||||||
| Common languages |
| ||||||||||||||
| Religion | Islam (Sunni, Naqshbandi Sufism) | ||||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Bukharan | ||||||||||||||
| Government | Khanate | ||||||||||||||
| Khan | |||||||||||||||
• 1501–1510 | Muhammad Shibani | ||||||||||||||
• 1583–1598 | Abdullah Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1599–1605 | Baqi Muhammad Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1606–1611 | Vali Muhammad Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1611–1642 | Imam Quli Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1642–1645 | Nadr Muhammad Khan | ||||||||||||||
• 1747–1753 | Muhammad Rahim (usurper) | ||||||||||||||
• 1758–1785 | Abu'l-Ghazi Khan | ||||||||||||||
| Ataliq | |||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Early modern period | ||||||||||||||
• Muhammad Shibani conquers Bukhara from Timurid Empire | 1501 | ||||||||||||||
• Establishment of Janid dynasty | 1599 | ||||||||||||||
• Khanate is conquered by Nader Shah after Mohammad Hakim surrenders | 1745 | ||||||||||||||
• Manghit dynasty takes control after Nader Shah dies and his empire breaks up | 1747 | ||||||||||||||
• Establishment of Emirate of Bukhara | 1785 | ||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||
• 1902 | 2,000,000 est.[4] | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
The Khanate of Bukhara (or Khanate of Bukhoro) was an Uzbek[5] state in Central Asia from 1501 to 1785, founded by the Abu'l-Khayrid dynasty, a branch of the Shaybanids. From 1533 to 1540, Bukhara briefly became its capital during the reign of Ubaidullah Khan. The Khanate reached its greatest extent and influence under its penultimate Abu'l-Khayrid ruler, the scholarly Abdullah Khan II (r. 1557–1598).
In the 17th and 18th centuries, the Khanate was ruled by the Janid dynasty (Astrakhanids or Toqay Timurids). They were the last Genghisid descendants to rule Bukhara. In 1740, it was conquered by Nader Shah, the Shah of Iran. After his death in 1747, the khanate was controlled by the non-Genghisid descendants of the Uzbek emir Khudayar Bi, through the prime ministerial position of ataliq. In 1785, his descendant, Shah Murad, formalized the family's dynastic rule (Manghit dynasty), and the khanate became the Emirate of Bukhara.[6] The Manghits were non-Genghisid and took the Islamic title of Emir instead of Khan since their legitimacy was not based on descent from Genghis Khan.
- ^ Ulugbek Azizov (2015). Freeing from the 'Territorial Trap'. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 58. ISBN 9783643906243. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
The Bukhara Khanate as a new administrative entity was founded in 1533 and was the continuation of the Shaybanid dynasty. The khanate occupied the territory from Kashgar (west of China) to the Aral Sea, from Turkestan to the east part of Chorasan. The official language was Persian as well as Uzbek was spoken widely.
- ^ Ira Marvin Lapidus – 2002, A history of Islamic societies, p.374
- ^ Grenoble, Lenore (2003). Language Policy of the Soviet Union. Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 143. ISBN 1-4020-1298-5.
- ^ Vegetation Degradation in Central Asia Under the Impact of Human Activities, Nikolaĭ Gavrilovich Kharin, page 49, 2002
- ^ Peter B.Golden (2011) Central Asia in World History, p.115
- ^ Soucek, Svat. A History of Inner Asia (2000), p. 180.