Khrushchevka

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Khrushchevkas (Russian: хрущёвка, romanized: khrushchyovka, IPA: [xrʊˈɕːɵfkə]) are a type of low-cost, concrete-paneled or brick three- to five-storied apartment building (and apartments in these buildings) which were designed and constructed in the Soviet Union since the early 1960s (when their namesake, Nikita Khrushchev, was leader of the Soviet Union).^[1] Khrushchevkas are sometimes compared to the Japanese danchi,^[2] similar (often government-sponsored) housing projects from the same period, which by some accounts were directly inspired by them.^[2]

An updated high-rise version, the brezhnevka, was built in the 1970s and 1980s and included many upgrades including larger apartments (particularly, larger kitchens), elevators, and garbage disposals. This was then followed by what is known unofficially as the novostroika, meaning "new construction". The novostroika retain the panel-house style used in the Soviet Union, but are taller, have 21st century amenities, parking, more colorful and decorative themes, and are built over a much larger area. These, however, are not government-built, instead they are built by private contractors on behalf of local governments. An example of this is Kudrovo in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.