Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow

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Kingdom of Bola'ang-Mongondow
1670–1950
Status	Independent kingdom (1670–1901) part of the Dutch East Indies (1901–1942) Empire of Japan (1942–1945) Republic of Indonesia (1945–1950)
Capital	Bola'ang (1670) Kotobangon (1893)
Common languages	Mongondow (official), Manado Malay, Lolak, Ponosakan, Bantik, Tonsawang, Tontemboan, and Bentenan
Government	Monarchy
Datu
• 1670-1694	Datu Loloda Mokoagow
• 1694-1730	Datu Yakobus Manoppo
• 1735-1764	Datu Salomon Manoppo
• 1893-1901	Datu Riedel Manuel Manoppo
• 1901-1928	Datu Kornelius Manoppo II
• 1928-1938	Datu Laurens Kornelius Manoppo
• 1938–1950	Datu Henny Yusuf Kornelius Manoppo
History
• Ascension of Datu Loloda Mokoagow	1670
• Dissolution of kingdom	1950
Currency	Doit used in the shore settlements, in the inlands the barter system was used
Preceded by Succeeded by Chiefdom of Mongondow Indonesia
Today part of	Indonesia

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The Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow, previously known as Kingdom of Bola'ang, was a state that ruled over the majority of the area of the present-day Bolaang-Mongondow regencies in the North Sulawesi province of Indonesia, excluding the present North Bolaang Mongondow Regency, which was a territory that was ruled by smaller kingdoms of Bintauna and Kaidipang.

The kingdom was founded in 1670 AD by a Mongondow prince Datu Loloda Mokoagow (died 1695). He was the son of the paramount chief of Mongondow, Tadohe (1600–1670), seated in Kotobangon in the heartland of the Mongondow plateau, while the prince established himself at the port settlement of Bola'ang and went to conquer many of the northern shores and inland settlements of the present-day Minahasa regencies of northern Celebes peninsula. When he succeeded his father in 1670, he titled himself datu (king) instead of the traditional Mongondow title of punu (paramount chief). This marked the beginning of the Kingdom of Bola'ang.

At its peak, the kingdom covered Bola'ang (present-day Bola'ang village), the Mongondow plateau (the present-day Kotamobagu city and its vicinity), Kotabunan (the present-day Kotabunan of Bola'ang Mongondow Timur regency), Mandolang port (the present-day Belang in the Southeast Minahasa Regency), the banks of Ranoyapo river including Tumpa'an, Tareran, Tanawangko, and Tateli (the present-day South Minahasa Regency),^[1] Umuda (the present-day town of Amurang), Manarow (the present-day Manado-Tua island), and Wenang (the present-day Manado city).

However, on September 21, 1694, a contractual agreement to establish new territorial borders was signed between the Kingdom of Bola'ang and the newly unified federation of Minahasan tribes, backed by the Dutch.^[2] The borders were established along the Poigar river as the northern border and along the Buyat river as its southerly counterpart. The border thus divided the west side territory for Bola'ang and the east side territory for the Minahasan people, which made the kingdom of Bola'ang lose all of its territories and subjects on the east side of the border. Thus it left only the Mongondow plateau and the adjacent Kotabunan as the territory of the Bola'ang, hence the name Kingdom of Bola'ang-Mongondow was used thereafter.