Kingdom of Galicia

Kingdom of Galicia Reino de Galicia (Galician) Reino de Galicia (Spanish) Reino da Galiza (Portuguese) Galliciense Regnum (Latin)
910–1833
Flag (c. 1282) Coat of arms
Motto: Hoc hic misterium fidei firmiter profitemur (Latin) Here is the mystery of faith that we strongly profess
Anthem: Marcha do Antigo Reino de Galiza [es] ("Antiga Marcha do Reino de Galicia")
The location of the Kingdom of Galicia in the 11th century CE, in red
Capital	Santiago de Compostela1
Common languages	Latin Vulgar Latin Galician-Portuguese Astur-Leonese Old Spanish A few speakers of Brittonic, Visigothic, Vandalic and Suebic
Religion	Roman Catholicism (official)[1]
Government	Monarchy
Monarch
• 910–924	Ordoño II (first)
• 1813–1833	Ferdinand VII (last)
Legislature	Junta
History
• Established	910
• Dissolved	1833
Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Asturias Kingdom of León Kingdom of Spain County of Portugal Couto Misto
1 Previously Lugo and Braga. From the 16th century, the capital was disputed.

The Kingdom of Galicia (Galician: Reino de Galicia, or Galiza; Spanish: Reino de Galicia; Portuguese: Reino da Galiza; Latin: Galliciense Regnum) was a political entity located in southwestern Europe, which at its territorial zenith occupied the entire northwest of the Iberian Peninsula.^[2] In the early 10th century, the Kingdom of Galicia was formed following the division of the Kingdom of Asturias after the death of Alfonso III in 910. His sons split the kingdom, with Ordoño II inheriting Galicia. While Galicia became a distinct political entity, it remained closely tied to the Leonese and Asturian realms through dynastic connections. Later, Ordoño II would integrate Galicia into the Kingdom of León when he inherited the latter. Though the Kingdom of Galicia had moments of semi-independence, it was typically seen as part of the Kingdom of León.^[3] Compostela became the capital of Galicia in the 11th century, while the independence of Portugal (1128) determined its southern boundary. The accession of Castilian King Ferdinand III to the Leonese kingdom in 1230 brought Galicia under the control of the Crown of Castile.

Galicia resisted central control and supported a series of alternative claimants, including John of León, Galicia and Seville (1296), Ferdinand I of Portugal (1369) and John of Gaunt (1386) and was not brought firmly into submission until the Catholic Monarchs imposed the Santa Hermandad in Galicia. The Kingdom of Galicia was then administered within the Crown of Castile (1490–1715) and later the Crown of Spain (1715–1833) by an Audiencia Real directed by a Governor which also held the office of Captain General and President. The representative assembly of the Kingdom was then the Junta or Cortes of the Kingdom of Galicia, which briefly declared itself sovereign^[4] when Galicia alone remained free of Napoleonic occupation (1808–1809). The kingdom and its Junta were dissolved by Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Regent of Spain, in 1834.