In algebraic geometry, the Kodaira dimension κ(X) measures the size of the canonical model of a projective variety X.
Soviet mathematician Igor Shafarevich in a seminar introduced an important numerical invariant of surfaces with the notation κ.[1] Japanese mathematician Shigeru Iitaka extended it and defined the Kodaira dimension for higher dimensional varieties (under the name of canonical dimension),[2] and later named it after Kunihiko Kodaira.[3]