Krystyna Skarbek | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Maria Krystyna Janina Skarbek 1 May 1908 |
| Died | 15 June 1952 (aged 44) Lexham Gardens, Earls Court, England |
| Cause of death | Murder by stabbing |
| Resting place | St Mary's Catholic Cemetery, Kensal Green, northwest London. |
| Other names |
|
| Occupation | Special Operations Executive (SOE) agent |
| Years active | 1939-1945 |
| Spouses | Gustaw Gettlich
(m. 1930, divorced)Jerzy Giżycki
(m. 1938; div. 1946) |
| Partner | Andrzej Kowerski |
| Parent(s) | Count Jerzy Skarbek Countess Stefania (nee Goldfeder). |
| Relatives |
|
Maria Krystyna Janina Skarbek, OBE, GM (Polish pronunciation: [krɨˈstɨna ˈskarbɛk], /krɪstiːnə skɑːrbɛk/; 1 May 1908 [a][b][4] – 15 June 1952), also known as Christine Granville,[2] was a Polish agent of the British Special Operations Executive (SOE) during the Second World War. She became celebrated for her daring exploits in intelligence and irregular-warfare missions in Nazi-occupied Poland and France. Journalist Alistair Horne, who described himself in 2012 as one of the few people still alive who had known Skarbek, called her the "bravest of the brave."[5] Spymaster Vera Atkins of the SOE described Skarbek as "very brave, very attractive, but a loner and a law unto herself."[6]
She became a British agent months before the SOE was founded in July 1940. She was the first female agent of the British to serve in the field and the longest-serving of all Britain's wartime women agents.[7] Her resourcefulness and success have been credited with influencing the organisation's decision to recruit more women as agents in Nazi-occupied countries.[8] In 1941 she began using the alias Christine Granville, a name she legally adopted upon naturalisation as a British subject in December 1946.[9][10]
Skarbek's most famous exploit was securing the release of SOE agents Francis Cammaerts and Xan Fielding from a German prison hours before they were to be executed. She did so by meeting (at great personal risk) with the Gestapo commander in Digne-les-Bains, France, telling him she was a British agent, and persuading him with threats, lies, and a two million franc bribe to release the SOE agents. The event is fictionalised in the last episode of the British television show Wish Me Luck.
Skarbek is often characterised in terms such as Britain's "most glamorous spy"[11] or "Churchill's favourite spy".[12] She was stabbed to death in 1952 in London by an obsessed and spurned suitor who was subsequently hanged.
- ^ Mulley 2012, pp. 149–150.
- ^ a b Mulley 2012, p. 1.
- ^ Mulley 2012, pp. 100–101.
- ^ Jan Larecki, Krystyna Skarbek: agentka o wielu twarzach (Krystyna Skarbek: Agent with Many Faces), 2008, pp. 31, 123.
- ^ Horne, Alistair (2012), "Bravest of the Brave," The Spectator,, accessed 23 Jan 2020
- ^ Mulley 2012, pp. 259–260.
- ^ Mulley 2012, p. 333.
- ^ Marcus Binney, The Women Who Lived for Danger, pp. 4–5.
- ^ Mulley 2012, pp. 3, 287, 333.
- ^ "No. 37887". The London Gazette. 21 February 1947. p. 867. Naturalisation. "Gizycka, Krystyna (known as Christine Granville); Poland; Crown Service; c/o General Headquarters, Middle East, Cairo. 17 December 1946."
- ^ Garmen, Emma, "World War II's Most Glamorous Spy," [1], accessed 3 January 2020
- ^ Tim Stokes (7 January 2024). "Christine Granville: The Polish aristocrat who was Churchill's favourite spy". bbc.com. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
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