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In Jainism, kulakara (also manu) refers to the wise men who teach people how to perform the laborious activities for survival.[1] According to Jain Cosmology, when the third ara (epoch) of the avasarpani (present descending half-cycle of cosmic age) was nearing its end, felicities due to ten type of Kalpavriksha (wish-fulfilling trees) started declining.[2] The number of the sages who thus appeared is said to be fourteen, the last of whom was Nabhirai, the father of the first tirthankara, ऋषभदेव.
- ^ Champat Rai Jain 1929, p. 36-37.
- ^ Jain 2015, p. 7-8.