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| Yunnan Province Anti-Communist National Salvation Army | |
|---|---|
| 雲南反共救國軍 | |
 Flag of the National Revolutionary Army and later the Republic of China Army | |
| Active | 1949-1981 |
| Disbanded | 30 May 1954 |
| Country |  Republic of China |
| Allegiance | Republic of China  Kuomintang |
| Branch | Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Roughly 12,000-26,000 (peak) |
| Garrison/HQ | Kengtung (1949 - 1950) Mong Hsat (1950 - 1961) Chiang Rai (1961 - ?) |
| Nickname(s) | Thailand-Burma orphaned army Northern Thailand orphaned army |
| Engagements | 1960–1961 campaign at the China–Burma border |
| Commanders | |
| Lt. General | Li Mi |
| M. General | Liu Kuo-chuan |
| M. General | Mah Chaw Yu |
| Insignia | |
| Emblem of the Republic of China Army | _Logo.svg){kind=logo} |
| Identification symbol |  |
| Kuomintang in Burma | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 泰緬孤軍 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Thailand–Burma orphaned army | ||||||||
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| Alternative Chinese name | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 泰北孤軍 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Northern Thailand orphaned army | ||||||||
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| Second alternative Chinese name | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 雲南反共救國軍 | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Yunnan Anti-Communist National Salvation Army | ||||||||
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The Kuomintang in Burma (Chinese: 泰緬孤軍; pinyin: Tàimiǎn gū jūn; Wade–Giles: T‘ai4-mien3 ku1 chün1) or Kuomintang in the Golden Triangle, which was officially known as the Yunnan Province Anti-Communist National Salvation Army (Chinese: 雲南反共救國軍; pinyin: Yúnnán fǎngòng jìuguó jūn; Wade–Giles: Yün2-nan3 Fan3-kung4 Chiu4-kuo2 Chün1) were Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist) troops that fled from China to Burma in 1950 after their defeat by the Chinese communists in the Chinese Civil War.[1] They were commanded by General Li Mi. It attempted several incursions into Yunnan in the early 1950s, only to be pushed back into Burma each time by the Chinese Communist Party's People's Liberation Army.
The entire campaign, with logistical support from the Republic of China which had retreated to Taiwan, the United States, and Thailand, was controversial from the start, as it weakened Burmese sovereignty and introduced the KMT's involvement in the region's lucrative opium trade. In 1953, the frustrated Burmese government appealed to the United Nations and put international pressure on the Republic of China to withdraw its troops to Taiwan the following year. As a result, the United States initiated a Four-Nation Military Commission (Burma, the United States, the Republic of China, and Thailand) to negotiate the KMT withdrawal. On 30 May 1954, General Li Mi announced the dissolution of the Yunnan Province Anti-Communist National Salvation Army. However, 6,000 irregular KMT troops remained in Burma. Fighting continued sporadically from the irregular troops until coordinated military operations from 1960 to 1961 between the PRC and Burmese governments expelled the remaining irregular KMT troops from Burma. Though most were evacuated to Taiwan, some remained in Burma or formed communities in Thailand.
- ^ Qin, Amy (14 January 2015). "In Remote Thai Villages, Legacy of China's Lost Army Endures". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 November 2015.