Kurs (Ukrainian and Russian: Курс, lit. 'Course') is a radio control system (type tomahook, etc.) used by the Soviet and later Russian space program.
"Kurs" was developed by the Research Institute of Precision Instruments (Russian: НИИ Точных Приборов, romanized: NII Tochnikh Priborov), Moscow, Legostaew, before 1985[1][2] and manufactured by the Kiev Radio Factory (Ukrainian: Київський Радіозавод, romanized: Kyyivskyy Radiozavod).[3]
The first automated docking of "Mir" orbital station with "Soyuz TM1" spacecraft was implemented on May 23, 1986 by means of the "Kurs" equipment. [..] "Kurs-ММ" docking system for short-range spacecraft has been designed for the upgraded spacecraft under the ISS program [..] "Kurs-M" radio-electronic system for "Kurs-ATV", for monitoring of rendezvous and docking ATV- spacecraft (European Space Agency) with the ISS on range and radial velocity
The production association Kiev Radio Factory aimed its further development toward the production of equipment for space exploration. In 1966 it started the production of a unique onboard complex named Igla for search, mutual orientation, approach and "docking" of "space" vehicles. [..] In 1985 the Igla was succeeded by the Kurs, a more advanced and reliable system, which is working now on the Mir Soyuz Progress complex.