Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors
Identifiers
SymbolLILR
Membranome17

The leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR) are a family of receptors possessing extracellular immunoglobulin domains.[1] They are also known as CD85, ILTs and LIR, and can exert immunomodulatory effects on a wide range of immune cells.[2] The human genes encoding these receptors are found in a gene cluster at chromosomal region 19q13.4.

They include

A subset of LILR recognise MHC class I (also known as HLA class I in humans). The LILR family is a cluster of paired receptors with both activating and inhibitory functions.[3] Of these, the inhibitory receptors LILRB1 and LILRB2 show a broad specificity for classical and non-classical MHC alleles with preferential binding to b2m-associated complexes. In contrast, the activating receptors LILRA1 and LILRA3 prefer b2m-independent free heavy chains of MHC class I, and in particular HLA-C alleles.[4]

  1. ^ David E. Sloane; Nicodemus Tedla; Muyiwa Awoniyi; Donald W. MacGlashan Jr.; Luis Borges; K. Frank Austen; Jonathan P. Arm (November 2004). "Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors: novel innate receptors for human basophil activation and inhibition" (PDF). Blood. 104 (9): 2832–2839. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-01-0268. PMID 15242876.
  2. ^ Damian Brown, Rachel L Allen, & John Trowsdale. The LILR family: modulators of innate and adaptive immune pathways in health and disease. Tissue Antigens (2004) 64:215 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0001-2815.2004.00290.x/pdf
  3. ^ Burshtyn, Deborah N.; Morcos, Chris (2016-02-01). "The Expanding Spectrum of Ligands for Leukocyte Ig-like Receptors". The Journal of Immunology. 196 (3): 947–955. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1501937. PMID 26802060.
  4. ^ Jones DC, Kosmoliaptsis V, Apps R, Lapaque N, Smith I, Kono A, Chang C, Boyle LH, Taylor CJ, Trowsdale J, Allen RL (Mar 2011). "HLA class I allelic sequence and conformation regulate leukocyte Ig-like receptor binding". J Immunol. 186 (5): 2990–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1003078. PMID 21270408.