Liang Bua

Liang Bua
Cave where the remains of Homo floresiensis were found
LocationFlores, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Length50 meters
Discovery1950s
GeologyLimestone
Entrances1

Liang Bua is a limestone cave on the island of Flores, Indonesia, slightly north of the town of Ruteng in Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. The cave demonstrated archaeological and paleontological potential in the 1950s and 1960s as described by the Dutch missionary and archaeologist Theodor L. Verhoeven.[1]

The skeleton of a Homo floresiensis woman at the Natural History Museum in London, England

In September 2003, an Indonesian field team and its coordinator of the excavation team, Thomas Sutikna [id], uncovered the first indications of a skull. Initially, the archeologists only analyzed the top of the cranium and due to the small size believed that the skull belonged to a small child. However, Sutikna and his colleagues soon discovered that its teeth were permanent and mature, revealing that it actually belonged to a fully grown adult.[2] After a few weeks, the team had discovered most of this particular hominid's skeleton and later was coded LB1, LB2, etc., after the name of the cave.[2] This skeleton later became the holotype specimen of Homo floresiensis, also known as the "hobbit."[3] Despite the small stature and brain size, Homo floresiensis was capable of using stone tools, hunting animals such as small elephants and rodents, and dealing with many predators such as large komodo dragons.[4] As of 2022, excavations are still being conducted and additional findings such as teeth are being discovered and analyzed.

  1. ^ For Verhoeven, see: Knepper, Gert M. (2019): Floresmens - Het leven van Theo Verhoeven, missionaris en archeoloog, ISBN 978-9-46-3892476 (Boekscout, Soest, Netherlands) (i.e. Verhoeven's biography, in Dutch)
  2. ^ a b "'Hobbits' on Flores, Indonesia". The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program. Retrieved 2022-04-28.
  3. ^ Morwood, M. J.; Brown, P.; Jatmiko; Sutikna, T.; Wahyu Saptomo, E.; Westaway, K. E.; Awe Due, Rokus; Roberts, R. G.; Maeda, T.; Wasisto, S.; Djubiantono, T. (October 2005). "Further evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia". Nature. 437 (7061): 1012–1017. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1012M. doi:10.1038/nature04022. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 16229067. S2CID 4302539.
  4. ^ "Homo floresiensis". The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program. Retrieved 2022-05-18.