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This article gives an overview of liberalism (Korean: 자유주의 or 리버럴리즘; Hanja: 自由主義; RR: Jayujuui or Ribeoreollijeum)[1] and its related history in South Korea. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proven by having had a representation in parliament.
Historically, the liberal movement in the South Korean began as a moderate conservative movement against the far-right dictatorship, but in the current political structure of the South Korea, it has become a liberal movement against the conservative movement. The Democratic Party of Korea is a reformist-to-liberal party and is considered centrist.[2] However, in the Korean political context, it is classified as a center-left (or progressive), and there are studies by several experts that it promotes policies that are more right-wing than center-right parties in Western Europe, such as Germany's Christian Democratic Union.[3] Also, the Justice Party is considered a "centre-left to left-wing" party. The party is considered radical progressive or leftist in South Korea, but takes a more moderate stance than the centre-left parties of Western Europe.[4]
There are various political positions within South Korean liberals, but they tend to coalesce on certain stances: promoting harmony with North Korea, justice against Japan, and, wherever possible, autonomy from great power interference, including the United States.[5] South Korean liberalism is also based on a national liberalist-independence movement against China and Japan. South Korean liberals support the Sunshine Policy toward North Korea.[6][7]
1932년 미국 대선은 '리버럴 대 리버럴의 대결'이었다. 프랭클린 루스벨트와 허버트 후버 모두 자신이 '리버럴'임을 강조했다. 루스벨트는 '새로운 리버럴리즘'(new liberalism)을 주창했고, 후버는 '진정한 리버럴리즘'(true liberalism)을 내세웠다. 루스벨트 이후 19세기 자유주의자(liberal)는 보수주의자(conservative)가 됐다. 리버럴은 '진보'라는 새로운 함의를 획득했다.[The 1932 U.S. presidential election was "a confrontation between Liberals and Liberals." Both Franklin Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover stressed that they are "liberal". Roosevelt advocated "new liberalism," and Hoover put forward "true liberalism". After Roosevelt, liberals in the 19th century became conservative. Liberal has acquired a new implication of 'progressive'.]
Democratic Party of Korea (DP), Korean Daeburo Minjudang, centrist-liberal political party in South Korea.
With most of national politics dominated by the centrist Democratic Party and the right-wing Liberty Korea Party (자유한국당), successor to the former governing Saenuri Party, there is little space for the Justice Party to find an opening for electoral success.
더불어민주당은 중도개혁 성향의 정당으로 평가된다.[The Democratic Party of Korea is regarded as a party with a tendency for centrist reform[ist].]
The South Korean President Moon Jae-in's centrist-liberal Democratic Party has also reflected and tactically deployed the considerable popular nationalist sentiment in South Korean society as he vowed in early August that in the escalating bilateral trade dispute the country would "never again lose to Japan".
South Korea's two main political parties today include the Democratic Party of Korea (the centrist liberal group and latest ruling party of The National Assembly) and the Liberal Korea Party (the conservative, far right-wing party).
During South Korea's parliamentary election in mid-April, which was the world's first national election amid the pandemic, the ruling centrist Democratic Party of Korea (DPK), the centre-right Party for People's Livelihoods (PPL), the centre-left Justice Party (JP) and the left Green Party Korea (GPK) all made pledges around a "Green New Deal".
... No new Podemos-like political force has emerged from Gwanghwamun Square, and all the movement can boast today is an electoral shift from the right to the center.
Her party, Saenuri, has also remained silent on the issue, in sharp contrast to centrist Minjoo Party [sic], which on Monday urged Seoul to look beyond politics and help its neighbor.
The conservative Liberty Korea Party (LKP), the main opposition to President Moon Jae-in and his centrist Democratic Party, made the announcement today
His Democratic Party of Korea was centerist-liberal.
In broad strokes, the foreign policy of South Korean liberals is clear: promoting harmony with North Korea, justice against Japan, and, wherever possible, autonomy from great power interference, including that of Washington.