Lignum nephriticum (Latin for "kidney wood") is a traditional diuretic that was derived from the wood of two tree species, the narra (Pterocarpus indicus) and the Mexican kidneywood (Eysenhardtia polystachya). The wood is capable of turning the color of water it comes in contact with into beautiful opalescent hues that change depending on light and angle, the earliest known record of the phenomenon of fluorescence. Due to this strange property, it became well known in Europe from the 16th to the early 18th century. Cups made from lignum nephriticum were given as gifts to royalty.[1] Water drunk from such cups, as well as imported powders and extracts from lignum nephriticum, were thought to have great medicinal properties.[2][3]
The lignum nephriticum derived from Mexican kidneywood was known as the coatli, coatl, or cuatl ("snake water") or tlapalezpatli ("blood-tincture medicine") in the Nahuatl language. It was traditionally used by the Aztec people as a diuretic prior to European contact. Similarly, the lignum nephriticum cups made from narra wood were part of the native industry of the Philippines before the arrival of the Spanish. The cups were manufactured in southern Luzon, particularly in the Naga region. The name of which was derived from the abundance of the narra trees, which was known as naga in the Bikol language (literally "serpent" or "dragon").[4][5]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
garrisonwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Barbieri, Beniamino (June 4, 2012). A Short History of Fluorescence (PDF) (Speech). Principles of Fluorescence Techniques. Champaign–Urbana, Il.: The Fluorescence Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2012.
- ^ Ecklund, Jon (1975). The Incompleat Chymist: Being an Essay on the Eighteenth-Century Chemist in His Laboratory, with a Dictionary of Obsolete Chemical Terms of the Period (PDF). Smithsonian studies in history and technology, no. 33. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2012-09-17.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
saffwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Austin, Daniel F. (2010). Baboquivari Mountain Plants: Identification, Ecology, and Ethnobotany. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press. p. 143. ISBN 9780816528370.