Linux namespaces

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Namespaces are a feature of the Linux kernel that partition kernel resources such that one set of processes sees one set of resources, while another set of processes sees a different set of resources. The feature works by having the same namespace for a set of resources and processes, but those namespaces refer to distinct resources. Resources may exist in multiple namespaces. Examples of such resources are process IDs, host-names, user IDs, file names, some names associated with network access, and Inter-process communication.

Namespaces are a required aspect of functioning containers in Linux. The term "namespace" is often used to denote a specific type of namespace (e.g., process ID) as well as for a particular space of names. ^[1]

A Linux system begins with a single namespace of each type, used by all processes. Processes can create additional namespaces and can also join different namespaces.