| Lipoma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lipoma on forearm | |
 | |
| Small lipomas which have been removed | |
| Specialty | Dermatology, general surgery oncology |
| Symptoms | Soft, movable, usually painless lump[1] |
| Usual onset | 40 to 60 years old[1] |
| Types | Superficial, deep[2] |
| Causes | Unclear[1] |
| Risk factors | Family history, obesity, insufficient exercise[1][3] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on physical exam[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Liposarcoma, hibernoma, lipomatosis, ganglion cyst[4] |
| Treatment | Observation, surgery[1] |
| Prognosis | Good[1] |
| Frequency | ~2%[2] |
A lipoma is a benign tumor made of fat tissue.[1] They are generally soft to the touch, movable, and painless.[1] They usually occur just under the skin, but occasionally may be deeper.[1] Most are less than 5 cm (2.0 in) in size.[2] Common locations include upper back, shoulders, and abdomen.[4] It is possible to have several lipomas.[3]
The cause is generally unclear.[1] Risk factors include family history, obesity, and lack of exercise.[1][3] Diagnosis is typically based on a physical exam.[1] Occasionally medical imaging or tissue biopsy is used to confirm the diagnosis.[1]
Treatment is typically by observation or surgical removal.[1] Rarely, the condition may recur following removal, but this can generally be managed with repeat surgery.[1] They are not generally associated with a future risk of cancer.[1]
Lipomas have a prevalence of roughly 2 out of every 100 people.[2] Lipomas typically occur in adults between 40 and 60 years of age.[1] Males are more often affected than females.[1] They are the most common noncancerous soft-tissue tumor.[5] The first use of the term "lipoma" to describe these tumors was in 1709.[6]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Lipoma-OrthoInfo – AAOS". orthoinfo.aaos.org. May 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
- ^ a b c d Kransdorf MJ, Murphey MD (2006). Imaging of Soft Tissue Tumors. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-7817-4771-4.
- ^ a b c Fletcher CD, Unni KK, Mertens F (2002). Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC. p. 20. ISBN 978-92-832-2413-6.
- ^ a b Lindberg MR (2015). Diagnostic Pathology: Soft Tissue Tumors E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-323-40041-1.
- ^ Bancroft LW, Kransdorf MJ, Peterson JJ, O'Connor MI (October 2006). "Benign fatty tumors: classification, clinical course, imaging appearance, and treatment". Skeletal Radiol. 35 (10): 719–33. doi:10.1007/s00256-006-0189-y. PMID 16927086. S2CID 6388113.
- ^ Olson JS (1989). The History of Cancer: An Annotated Bibliography. ABC-CLIO. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-313-25889-3.