Low-density lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein(a)
Not to be confused with members of the apolipoprotein A subgroup, including
APOA1,
APOA2,
APOA4 and
APOA5.
LPA |
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Available structures |
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PDB | Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB |
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List of PDB id codes |
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1I71, 1JFN, 1KIV, 2FEB, 4BV5, 4BV7, 4BVC, 4BVD, 4BVV, 4BVW, 3KIV, 4KIV |
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Identifiers |
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Aliases | LPA, AK38, APOA, LP, Lipoprotein(a), Lp(a) |
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External IDs | HomoloGene: 87856; GeneCards: LPA; OMA:LPA - orthologs |
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Wikidata |
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Lipoprotein(a) is a low-density lipoprotein variant containing a protein called apolipoprotein(a). Genetic and epidemiological studies have identified lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and related diseases, such as coronary heart disease and stroke.[3][4][5][6]
Lipoprotein(a) was discovered in 1963 by Kåre Berg.[7] The human gene encoding apolipoprotein(a) was successfully cloned in 1987.[8]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198670 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Nordestgaard_2010
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
- ^ Kamstrup PR, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG (April 2011). "Lipoprotein(a) and risk of myocardial infarction--genetic epidemiologic evidence of causality". Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 71 (2): 87–93. doi:10.3109/00365513.2010.550311. PMID 21231777. S2CID 23045050.
- ^ Smolders B, Lemmens R, Thijs V (June 2007). "Lipoprotein (a) and stroke: a meta-analysis of observational studies". Stroke. 38 (6): 1959–66. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.480657. PMID 17478739.
- ^ Amiri M, Raeisi-Dehkordi H, Verkaar AJ, Wu Y, van Westing AC, Berk KA, Bramer WM, Aune D, Voortman T (May 2023). "Circulating lipoprotein (a) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis". European Journal of Epidemiology. 38 (5): 485–499. doi:10.1007/s10654-022-00956-4. PMC 10164031. PMID 36708412.
- ^ Berg K (1963). "A new serum type system in man—the Ld system". Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica. 59 (3): 369–382. doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1963.tb01808.x. PMID 14064818.
- ^ McLean JW, Tomlinson JE, Kuang WJ, Eaton DL, Chen EY, Fless GM, Scanu AM, Lawn RM (1987). "cDNA sequence of human apolipoprotein(a) is homologous to plasminogen". Nature. 330 (6144): 132–7. Bibcode:1987Natur.330..132M. doi:10.1038/330132a0. PMID 3670400. S2CID 4344313.