Lisbon

This article is about the Governmental capital city. For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation).
"Lisboa" redirects here. For other uses, see Lisboa (disambiguation).

Lisbon
Lisboa
Capital city
View from Miradouro da Senhora do Monte
Skyline of Lisbon with the 25 de Abril Bridge and Christ the King in the background
Belém Tower
Belém Tower
Rua Augusta Arch
Rua Augusta Arch
Monument of the Discoveries
Monument of the Discoveries
Jerónimos Monastery
Jerónimos Monastery
Eduardo VII Park
Eduardo VII Park
Lisbon Cathedral
Lisbon Cathedral
Parque das Nações e Ponte Vasco da Gama
Vasco da Gama Tower (left) in the Parque das Nações with Vasco da Gama Bridge (background)
Flag of Lisbon
Flag
Coat of arms of Lisbon
Coat of arms
Official logo of Lisbon
Logo
Motto(s): 
Mui Nobre e Sempre Leal
"Very Noble and Always Loyal"
Map
Location of Lisbon
Lisbon is located in Portugal
Lisbon
Lisbon
Location within Portugal
Lisbon is located in Europe
Lisbon
Lisbon
Location within Europe
Coordinates: 38°43′31″N 09°09′00″W / 38.72528°N 9.15000°W / 38.72528; -9.15000
Country Portugal
MetroLisbon metropolitan area
DistrictLisbon
Historic provinceEstremadura
Settlementc. 1200 BCE
Roman Olissipoc. 138 BCE
Moorish rule711 CE
Siege of Lisbon1147 CE
Capital city1256 CE
Civil parishes(see text)
Government
 • TypeLocal administrative unit
 • BodyConcelho/Câmara Municipal
 • MayorCarlos Moedas
 • Municipal chairRosário Farmhouse
Area
 • Capital city100.05 km2 (38.63 sq mi)
 • Metro
3,015.24 km2 (1,164.19 sq mi)
Elevation
2 m (7 ft)
Population
 (2023)
 • Capital city567,131[1]
 • Density5,445.7/km2 (14,104/sq mi)
 • Metro
2,961,177[2]
Demonym(s)Lisboan
Lisboeta
Olissiponense
Alfacinha (colloquial)
Time zoneUTC (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (WEST)
Postal zone
1000-000 to 1999-XXX Lisboa
Area code(+351) 21 XXX XXXX
Patron saintVincent of Saragossa and Anthony of Lisbon
Municipal addressPraça do Município, 1
1149-014 Lisboa
Municipal holidays13 June (St. Anthony's Day)
Websitecm-lisboa.pt

Lisbon (/ˈlɪzbən/ LIZ-bən; Portuguese: Lisboa [liʒˈβoɐ] ⓘ)[3] is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131 as of 2023 within its administrative limits[4] and 2,961,177 within the metropolis.[5] Lisbon is mainland Europe's westernmost capital city (second overall after Reykjavik) and the only one along the Atlantic coast, the others (Reykjavik and Dublin) being on islands. The city lies in the western portion of the Iberian Peninsula, on the northern shore of the River Tagus. The western portion of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca.

Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world[6] and the second-oldest European capital city (after Athens), predating other modern European capitals by centuries.[7] Settled by pre-Celtic tribes and later founded and civilized by the Phoenicians, Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia,[8] adding the term to the name Olissipo. After the fall of the Roman Empire, it was ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century, most notably the Visigoths. Later it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century. In 1147, Afonso Henriques conquered the city and in 1255, it became Portugal's capital, replacing Coimbra.[9] It has since been the political, economic, and cultural centre of the country.

As the political centre of the country, Lisbon hosts the government, National Assembly, Supreme Court of Justice, Armed Forces and residence of the head of state. It is also the centre of Portuguese diplomacy, with ambassadors from 86 countries residing in the city, as well as representations from Taiwan and Palestine.[10] About 2.96 million people live in the Lisbon metropolitan area, which extends beyond the city's administrative area, making it the third largest metropolitan area in the Iberian Peninsula (after Madrid and Barcelona) as well as figuring amongst the 10 most populous urban areas in the European Union.[11][12] It represents approximately 27.83% of the country's population.

Lisbon is recognised as an alpha-level global city because of its importance in finance, commerce, fashion, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, education, and tourism.[13][14] Lisbon is amongst the two Portuguese cities (the other being Porto) to be recognised as a global city, and it is also home to three companies in the Global 2000 (EDP Group, Galp Energia and Jerónimo Martins).[15][16][17] Lisbon is one of the major economic centres in Europe, with a growing financial sector, with PSI-20 being part of Euronext, the largest center for debt and funds listings in the world. The Lisbon region has a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal. Its GDP PPP amounts to US$179 billion and thus $61,713 per capita.

When it comes to "labour/working conditions", Lisbon is also the European capital with some of the lowest wages /power of purchase inside the EU(European union). Energy(electricity, gas and fuel),as well as supermarkets,housing and several "governmental taxes" are also on the top as some of the most expensive even when compared to the richest countries in the EU.The gap between the highest and lowest wages is, again,the largest inside the "euro zone". The lowest wages can offer a value per hour as little as 6/7euros.Due to these reasons Lisbon has had a high level of "youth emigration" mostly to other European cities of countries as France, UK, Luxembourg, Switzerland and Belgium. [18][19][20][21] The city occupies the 40th place of highest gross earnings in the world and, with almost 21,000 millionaires, is the 11th European city by number of millionaires and the 14th by number of billionaires.[22][23] Most of the headquarters of multinational corporations in Portugal are located in the Lisbon area.[24]

  1. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt.
  2. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt.
  3. ^ Wells, John C. (21 July 2010). "Portuguese". Archived from the original on 8 April 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  4. ^ "Áreas das freguesias, concelhos, distritos e país". Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  5. ^ "INE.pt".
  6. ^ Rudlin, David; Thompson, Rob; Jarvis, Sarah (2016). Urbanism. Taylor & Francis. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-317-21390-1. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  7. ^ Central Intelligence Agency (2021). The CIA World Factbook 2021-2022. Simon and Schuster. p. 3319. ISBN 978-1-5107-6382-1. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  8. ^ H. V. Livermore (1973). Portugal: A Short History. Edinburgh University Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-85224-207-0. Archived from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
  9. ^ Ferreira, Marta Leite. "Lisboa não é a capital de Portugal e outros 9 factos que não aprendeu nas aulas de História". Observador (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  10. ^ "Corpo Diplomático em Portugal". Portal Diplomático (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  11. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  12. ^ Demographia: World Urban Areas Archived 17 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine - demographia.com, 06.2021
  13. ^ "The World According to GaWC 2010". Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
  14. ^ "GaWC - The World According to GaWC 2020". www.lboro.ac.uk. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  15. ^ "The World According to GaWC 2010". Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network, Loughborough University. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2009.
  16. ^ "Inventory of World Cities". Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) Study Group and Network. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2007.
  17. ^ TUCKER", "ANDREA MURPHY"," HANK. "The Global 2000 2023". Forbes. Retrieved 23 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ "Statistics Portugal - Web Portal". www.ine.pt. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  19. ^ "1. Gross domestic product (GDP) : GDP per capita, USD, current prices and PPPs". stats.oecd.org. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  20. ^ "Purchasing Power Parities for GDP and related indicators". stats.oecd.org. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  21. ^ "Global city GDP rankings 2008–2025". Pricewaterhouse Coopers. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
  22. ^ "Ranking: The richest cities in the world" Archived 23 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine – City Mayors.com
  23. ^ "Worlds Wealthiest Cities 2023". Henley & Partners. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  24. ^ "Lisboa é 9ª cidade que mais recebe congressos internacionais" – Agência LUSA