List of Italian inventions and discoveries

Italian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques invented, innovated or discovered, partially or entirely, by Italians.

Italian people – living in the Italic peninsula or abroad – have been throughout history^[3] the source of important inventions and innovations in the fields of writing,^[4][5] calendar,^[6] mechanical^[7] and civil engineering,^{[8][9][10][11]} musical notation,^[12] celestial observation,^[13] perspective,^[14] warfare,^{[15][16][17][18]} long distance communication,^[19][20][21] storage^[22] and production^[23][24] of energy, modern medicine,^[25] polymerization^[26][27] and information technology.^[28][29]

Italians also contributed in theorizing civil law,^[30][31] scientific method (particularly in the fields of physics and astronomy),^[32] double-entry bookkeeping,^[33] mathematical algebra^[34] and analysis,^[35][36] classical and celestial mechanics.^[37][38] Often, things discovered for the first time are also called inventions and in many cases, there is no clear line between the two.

The following is a list of inventions, innovations or discoveries known or generally recognized to be Italian.