The Mediterranean countries are those that surround the Mediterranean Sea or located within the Mediterranean Basin.[1] Twenty sovereign countries in Southern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa regions border the sea itself, two island nations completely located in it (Malta and Cyprus), in addition to two British Overseas Territories (Gibraltar in the west and Akrotiri & Dhekelia in the east).
While not having a coastline in the Mediterranean, Portugal, Andorra, San Marino, Vatican City, Kosovo, Serbia, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, and Jordan are sometimes included on the list of Mediterranean countries, in a climate (biogeography) context.[2][3] Such classification is mostly based on their geographical, economic, geopolitical, historical, ethnic and cultural (language, art, music, cuisine) ties to the region as a whole. Other factors include climate and flora.
- ^ "The Countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea". www.mediterranean-yachting.com.
- ^ Tourism in the Mediterranean. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). 2016. doi:10.18111/9789284416929. ISBN 978-92-844-1692-9. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ Adamo, Katia; Garonna, Paolo. "Euro-Mediterranean Integration and Cooperation" (PDF). unece.org. Retrieved 15 March 2021.