This is a list of islands of Russia. It includes all islands in Russia with an area greater than 3,000 square kilometres (1,158 sq mi) and some of the more significant minor islands.
- Aleksandry, Franz Josef Land
- Atlasov Island, Kuril Islands
- Ayon
- Belkovsky, New Siberian Islands
- Bely Island, in the Kara Sea
- Bennett Island, De Long Islands
- Big Diomede (Ratmanov Island)
- Bolotny Ostrov, Moskva River, Moscow city
- Bolshevik Island, Severnaya Zemlya
- Bolshoy Lyakhovsky
- Bolshoy Shantar Island, Shantar Islands
- De Long, New Siberian Islands
- Dikson Island, in the Kara Sea
- Georga, Franz Josef Land
- Graham Bell Island, Franz Josef Land
- Henrietta Island, De Long Islands
- Herald Island
- Iony Island, Sea of Okhotsk
- Iturup (Etorofu), Kuril Islands, claimed by Japan
- Jeannette Island, De Long Islands
- Kolguyev
- Komsomolets, Severnaya Zemlya
- Kotelny Island, New Siberian Islands
- Kunashir, Kuril Islands
- Lisy Island, Nakhodka Bay
- Maly Taymyr Island
- Mezhdusharskiy Island, Novaya Zemlya
- Novaya Sibir, New Siberian Islands
- Novaya Zemlya
- Oktyabrskoy Revolyutsii, Severnaya Zemlya
- Olkhon, lake Baikal
- Onekotan, Kuril Islands
- Rudolfa, Franz Josef Land
- Paramushir, Kuril Islands
- Pioneer, Severnaya Zemlya
- Popov Island, Eugénie Archipelago
- Putyatin Island
- Reyneke Island, Eugénie Archipelago
- Russky Island, Eugénie Archipelago
- Russky Island, Nordenskiöld Archipelago
- Sakhalin
- Salm Island, Franz Josef Land
- Schmidt Island, Severnaya Zemlya
- Severny Island, Novaya Zemlya
- Shiashkotan, Kuril Islands
- Shumshu, Kuril Islands
- Simushir, Kuril Islands
- Solovetskiye
- Taymyr Island
- Uyedineniya Island, northern fringe of the Kara Sea
- Urup, Kuril Islands
- Ushakov Island, northern fringe of the Kara Sea
- Ushkan Islands, lake Baikal
- Vasilyevsky Island, St. Peterburg
- Vaygach
- Vilcheka, Franz Josef Land
- Vize Island, northern fringe of the Kara Sea
- Wrangel Island (Vrangelya)
- Yaya Island
- Yunosti Island, Angara River in the city of Irkutsk
- Yuzhny, Novaya Zemlya
- Zhokhov Island, De Long Islands