List of lilioid families

a flower
Vanilla planifolia, the source of vanillin, in the family Orchidaceae[1]
Flowering plant families (APG IV)
Early-diverging flowering plants
Monocots: Alismatids • Commelinids • Lilioids
Eudicots
Basal eudicots • Dilleniales and Gunnerales
Superasterids: Basal superasterids (and the asterids)
Asterids: Basal asterids • Euasterids
Superrosids: Saxifragales (and the rosids)
Rosids: COM clade • Malvids • Nitrogen-fixing clade • Vitales and Zygophyllales
For the other monocot families, see List of alismatid families and List of commelinid families.

The lilioid monocots are a group of 33 interrelated families of flowering plants.[a] They generally have tepals (indistinguishable petals and sepals) similar to those on the true lilies (Lilium).[5][6][7] Like other monocots[b] they usually have a single embryonic leaf (cotyledon) in their seeds, scattered vascular systems, leaves with parallel veins, flower parts in multiples of three, and roots that can develop in more than one place along the stems.[11]

The lilioids can be subdivided into five orders: Asparagales, Dioscoreales, Liliales, Pandanales and Petrosaviales. Asparagales is roughly tied with Poales for the most diverse monocot order and includes Orchidaceae, the largest flowering plant family, with more than 26,000 species.[1][12] Plants in Dioscoreales, such as yams, usually have inflorescences with glandular hairs.[13] In Liliales, plants often have elliptical leaves with up to seven primary veins, inflorescences at the tips of stems, and nectar-producing glands on the tepals.[14] Pandanales includes fragile, non-herbaceous and drought-tolerant species, with leaves often arranged in three vertical rows.[15][16] Petrosaviales includes species with spirally arranged leaves, nectar-producing glands, and racemes (unbranched inflorescences with short flower stalks).[17]

  1. ^ a b Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 151–159.
  2. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017.
  3. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016.
  4. ^ POWO.
  5. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 131–174.
  6. ^ Zomlefer et al. 2001, Abstract
  7. ^ Meerow 2002, p. 37.
  8. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 10,642.
  9. ^ Givnish et al. 2010, p. 585.
  10. ^ Royal Botanic Gardens.
  11. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, pp. 115–116.
  12. ^ Stevens 2023, Asparagales.
  13. ^ Stevens 2023, Dioscoreales.
  14. ^ Stevens 2023, Liliales.
  15. ^ Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 136.
  16. ^ Stevens 2023, Pandanales.
  17. ^ Stevens 2023, Petrosaviales.


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).