Some historic settlements date back to the 17th century. Until the later part of the 20th century, the township comprised several rural crossroad communities, the borders of which became less distinct with suburban development.[7][8][9] The sprawling township does not have an actual "downtown".[10][11][12] A section in the center of Raritan Township was ceded to create the Borough of Metuchen on March 20, 1900. While Metuchen is a separate municipality, it remains fully enclaved by, and is the geographic center of Edison,[11] making Edison a so-called 'doughnut' town.[13][14][15][16]
^Middlesex COunty Office of Culture and Heritage. "History Revealed In Piscatawaytown and Edison", TAP into Piscataway, September 9, 2015. Accessed December 22, 2019. "The remnants of the Piscataway village and town commons can still be seen in modern Edison Township. Settled in the late 1600s by New Englanders, this historic site once consisted of a town hall, militia training ground, stockade, jail, church, burial ground and houses."
^Amaral, Brian (January 13, 2016). "Edison to unveil ideas on Clara Barton downtown redevelopment". NJ Advance Media for NJ.com. Retrieved March 3, 2020. The Clara Barton neighborhood in west Edison is the closest thing that this sprawling township has to a city center with a critical mass.