List of the most recent elections by country

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Country President Parliament
Lower House Upper House
 Abkhazia 2020 2022
 Afghanistan  Autocracy[1][2][3]
(2016; installed 2021)		 Appointed[4]
 Åland Indirectly-elected 2023
 Albania Indirectly-elected (2022) 2021
 Algeria 2019 2021 Appointed/indirectly-elected (2022)
 American Samoa 2020 2022 2022
 Andorra Monarchy 2023
 Angola Indirectly-elected 2022
 Anguilla Monarchy 2020
 Antigua and Barbuda Monarchy 2023 Appointed
 Argentina 2023 2023 2023
 Armenia Indirectly-elected (2022) 2021
 Aruba Monarchy 2021
 Australia Monarchy 2022 2022
 Austria 2022 2019 Indirectly-elected
 Azerbaijan 2024 2020
 Bahamas Monarchy 2021 Appointed
 Bahrain Monarchy 2022 Appointed
 Bangladesh Indirectly-elected (2023) 2024
 Barbados Indirectly-elected 2022 Appointed
 Belarus 2020 2024 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Belgium Monarchy 2024 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Belize Monarchy 2020 Appointed
 Benin 2021 2023
 Bermuda Monarchy 2020 Appointed
 Bhutan Monarchy 2023-24 2023
 Bolivia 2020 2020 2020
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2022 2022 Indirectly-elected
 Botswana Indirectly-elected 2019 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Brazil 2022 2022 2022
 British Virgin Islands Monarchy 2023
 Brunei Monarchy Appointed
 Bulgaria 2024 2023
 Burkina Faso 2020 2020
 Burundi 2020 2020 Indirectly-elected
 Cambodia Monarchy 2023 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Cameroon 2018 2020 Indirectly-elected
 Canada Monarchy 2021 Appointed
 Cape Verde 2021 2021
 Cayman Islands Monarchy 2021
 Central African Republic 2020 2020–21
 Chad 2024 2011
 Chile 2021 2021 2021
 People's Republic of China Indirectly-elected (2023) Indirectly-elected (2022-2023)
 Republic of China 2024 2024
 Colombia 2022 2022 2022
 Comoros 2024 2020
 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2023 2023 Indirectly-elected
 Republic of the Congo 2021 2022 Indirectly-elected
 Cook Islands Monarchy 2022
 Costa Rica 2022 2022
 Croatia 2019–2020 2024
 Cuba Indirectly-elected (2023) 2023
 Cyprus 2023 2021
 Czech Republic 2023 2021 2022
 Denmark Monarchy 2022
 Djibouti 2021 2023
 Dominica Indirectly-elected 2022
 Dominican Republic 2024 2024 2024
 East Timor 2022 2023
 Ecuador 2023 2023
 Egypt 2023 2020 2020
 El Salvador 2024 2024
 Equatorial Guinea 2022 2022 2022
 Eritrea None None
 Estonia Indirectly-elected (2021) 2023
 Eswatini Monarchy 2023 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Ethiopia Indirectly-elected 2021 Indirectly-elected
 Falkland Islands Monarchy 2021
 Fiji Indirectly-elected 2022
 Finland 2024 2023
 France 2022 2024 Indirectly-elected (2023)
 Gabon 2023 2023 Indirectly-elected
 Gambia 2021 2022
 Georgia 2018 2020
 Germany Indirectly-elected (2022) 2021 Indirectly-elected
 Ghana 2020 2020
 Gibraltar Monarchy 2023
 Greece Indirectly-elected 2023
 Grenada Monarchy 2022 Appointed
 Guatemala 2023 2023
 Guernsey Monarchy 2020
 Guinea 2020 2020
 Guinea-Bissau 2019 2023
 Guyana Indirectly-elected 2020
 Haiti 2016–17 2015–16 2016–17
 Honduras 2021 2021
 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Indirectly-elected (2022) 2021
 Hungary Indirectly-elected (2024) 2022
 Iceland 2024 2021
 India Indirectly-elected (2022) 2024 Appointed/indirectly-elected (2024)
 Indonesia 2024 2024 2024
 Iran 2024 2024
 Iraq Indirectly-elected (2022) 2021
 Republic of Ireland 2018 2020 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Israel Indirectly-elected 2022
 Italy Indirectly-elected (2022) 2022 2022
 Ivory Coast 2020 2021 Appointed/indirectly-elected (2023)
 Jamaica Monarchy 2020 Appointed
 Japan Monarchy 2024 2022
 Jersey Monarchy 2022
 Jordan Monarchy 2020 Appointed
 Kazakhstan 2022 2023 Appointed/indirectly-elected (2023)
 Kenya 2022 2022 2022
 Kiribati 2020 2020
 North Korea Indirectly-elected 2019
 South Korea 2022 2024
 Republic of Kosovo Indirectly-elected 2021
 Kuwait Monarchy 2023
 Kyrgyzstan 2021 2021
 Laos Indirectly-elected 2021
 Latvia Indirectly-elected 2022
 Lebanon Indirectly-elected 2022
 Lesotho Monarchy 2022 Appointed
 Liberia 2023 2023 2023
 Libya Provisional 2014
 Liechtenstein Monarchy 2021
 Lithuania 2024 2020
 Luxembourg Monarchy 2023
 Macao Special Administrative Region Indirectly-elected (2019) 2021
 Madagascar 2023 2024 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Malawi 2020 2019
 Malaysia Monarchy 2022 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Maldives 2023 2024
 Mali 2018 2020
 Malta Indirectly-elected (2024) 2022
 Isle of Man Monarchy 2021
 Marshall Islands Indirectly-elected 2023
 Mauritania 2024 2023
 Mauritius Indirectly-elected 2019
 Mexico 2024 2024 2024
Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia Indirectly-elected 2023
 Moldova 2020 2021
 Monaco Monarchy 2023
 Mongolia 2021 2024
 Montserrat Monarchy 2019
 Montenegro 2023 2023
 Morocco Monarchy 2021 Indirectly-elected
 Mozambique 2019 2019
 Myanmar Indirectly-elected 2020 2020
 Namibia 2019 2019 Indirectly-elected
 Nauru Indirectly-elected (2023) 2022
   Nepal Indirectly-elected (2023) 2022 Indirectly-elected (2024)
 Netherlands Monarchy 2023 Indirectly-elected (2023)
 New Zealand Monarchy 2023
 Nicaragua 2021 2021
 Niger 2020–21 2020–21
 Nigeria 2023 2023 2023
 Niue Monarchy 2023
 Northern Cyprus 2020 2022
 North Macedonia 2019 2020
 Norway Monarchy 2021
 Oman Monarchy 2023 Appointed
 Pakistan Indirectly-elected (2024) 2024 Indirectly-elected (2024)
 Palau 2020 2020 2020
 Palestine 2005 2006
 Panama 2024 2024
 Papua New Guinea Monarchy 2022
 Paraguay 2023 2023 2023
 Peru 2021 2021
 Philippines 2022 2022 2022
 Pitcairn Islands Monarchy 2023
 Poland 2020 2023 2023
 Portugal 2021 2024
 Qatar Monarchy 2021
 Romania 2019 2020 2020
 Russia 2024 2021 Indirectly-elected
 Rwanda 2024 2024 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Sahrawi Republic Indirectly-elected (2023) 2023
 Saint Helena Monarchy 2021
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Monarchy 2022
 Saint Lucia Monarchy 2021 Appointed
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Monarchy 2020
 Samoa Indirectly-elected (2022) 2021
 San Marino Indirectly-elected 2024
 São Tomé and Príncipe 2021 2022
 Saudi Arabia Monarchy Appointed
 Senegal 2024 2022 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Serbia 2022 2023
 Seychelles 2020 2020
 Sierra Leone 2023 2023
 Singapore 2023 2020
 Slovakia 2024 2023
 Slovenia 2022 2022
 Solomon Islands Monarchy 2024
 Somalia Indirectly-elected (2022) Indirectly-elected (2021–2022)
 Somaliland 2017 2021 Appointed
 South Africa Indirectly-elected 2024 Indirectly-elected
 South Ossetia 2022 2024
 South Sudan 2010 2010 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Spain Monarchy 2023 2023
 Sri Lanka 2024 2020
 Sudan Provisional Provisional
 Suriname Indirectly-elected 2020
 Sweden Monarchy 2022
  Switzerland Indirectly-elected 2023 2023
 Syria 2021 2024
 Tajikistan 2020 2020 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Tanzania 2020 2020
 Thailand Monarchy 2023 Indirectly-elected (2024)
 Togo 2020 2024
 Tonga Monarchy 2021
 Transnistria 2021 2020
 Trinidad and Tobago Indirectly-elected 2020 Appointed
 Tunisia 2019 2022–2023
 Turkey 2023 2023
 Turkmenistan 2022 2023
 Turks and Caicos Islands Monarchy 2021
 Tuvalu Monarchy 2024
 Uganda 2021 2021
 Ukraine 2019 2019
 United Arab Emirates Monarchy 2023
 United Kingdom Monarchy 2024 Appointed
 United States 2024 2024 2024
 Uruguay 2019 2019 2019
 Uzbekistan 2023 2019–2020 Appointed/indirectly-elected
 Vanuatu Indirectly-elected (2022) 2022
 Vatican City Elective monarchy
(2013)		 Appointed
 Venezuela 2018 2020
 Vietnam Indirectly-elected 2021
 Yemen 2012 2003
 Zambia 2021 2021
 Zimbabwe 2023 2023 2023
  1. ^ "Taliban sources – Afghan Taliban appoint Mansour as leader". Reuters. Peshawar, Pakistan. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2022. The shura held outside Quetta unanimously elected Mullah Mansour as the new emir of the Taliban
  2. ^ Ramachandran, Sudha (10 September 2021). "What Role Will the Taliban's 'Supreme Leader' Play in the New Government?". The Diplomat. Retrieved 7 July 2022. At the time of his appointment as Taliban chief by the Rahbari Shura (leadership council)
  3. ^ Jones, Seth G. (December 2020). "Afghanistan's Future Emirate? The Taliban and the Struggle for Afghanistan". CTC Sentinel. 13 (11). Combating Terrorism Center. Retrieved 7 July 2022. an autocratic political system that eschews democracy
  4. ^ Sayed, Abdul (8 September 2021). "Analysis: How Are the Taliban Organized?". Voice of America. Retrieved 7 July 2022.