.jpg)
The world records in swimming are ratified by World Aquatics (formerly known as FINA), the international governing body of swimming. Records can be set in long course (50 metres) or short course (25 metres) swimming pools. World Aquatics recognizes world records in the following events for both men and women,[1][2] except for the mixed relays, where teams consist of two men and two women, in any order.
- Freestyle: 50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m, 1500m
- Backstroke: 50m, 100m, 200m
- Breaststroke: 50m, 100m, 200m
- Butterfly: 50m, 100m, 200m
- Individual medley: 100m (short course only), 200m, 400m
- Relays: 4 × 50 m freestyle relay (short course only), 4 × 100 m freestyle, 4 × 200 m freestyle, 4 × 50 m medley relay (short course only), 4 × 100 m medley
- Mixed relays: 4 × 50 m mixed freestyle (short course only), 4 × 100 m mixed freestyle (long course only), 4 × 50 m mixed medley (short course only), 4 × 100 m mixed medley (long course only)
The ratification process is described in FINA Rule SW12,[1] and involves submission of paperwork certifying the accuracy of the timing system and the length of the pool, satisfaction of FINA rules regarding swimwear and a negative doping test by the swimmer(s) involved. Records can be set at intermediate distances in an individual race and for the first leg of a relay race. Records which have not yet been fully ratified are marked with a '#' symbol in these lists.
Some of the records below were established by swimmers wearing bodysuits or suits made of polyurethane or other non-textile materials allowed in the race pool from February 2008 until December 2009. On the eve of the 2009 FINA World Championships in Rome, the international governing body for five Olympic aquatic sports voted to ban the use of bodysuits and all suits made of non-textile materials starting 1 January 2010.[3][4] The suits seemed to improve the performance in those with larger physiques, boosting performance in some athletes more than others,[who?] depending on morphology and physiology.[5] Since then, best times set by swimmers wearing textile materials have once again overtaken more than half of the world records recognized by World Aquatics.
On 25 July 2013, FINA Technical Swimming Congress voted to allow world records in the long course mixed 400 free relay and mixed 400 medley relay, as well as in six events in short course metres: the mixed 200 medley and 200 free relays, as well as the men's and women's 200 free relays and the men's and women's 200 medley relays.[6] In October 2013, FINA decided to establish "standards" before something can be recognized as the first World Record in these events.[7] But later on 13 March 2014 FINA has officially ratified the eight world records set by Indiana University swimmers at the IU Relay Rally held on 26 September 2013 in Bloomington.[8]
- ^ a b "FINA Technical Rules SW12.1 and 12.2". International Swimming Federation. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2009.
- ^ "FINA World Records" (PDF). FINA. 27 July 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2015. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
- ^ "High-tech records to stand". Times Live. 18 January 2010. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
- ^ Dillman, Lisa (25 July 2009). "FINA bans bodysuits that have led to spate of world records". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
- ^ Dampf, Andrew (22 June 2011). "New Suits Mean No More Records in Swimming". ABC News. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
- ^ "FINA Swimming Rules 2013 – 2017 incl. World Record Application Form" (PDF). FINA. 16 August 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ^ Craig Lord (3 October 2013). "FINA To Set World Best Standards For Mixed Relays". swimvortex.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
- ^ "FINA Goes Back in Time to Ratify Indiana Hoosier Swims as World Records". Swimming World Magazine. 13 March 2014. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2015.