Lithium hydride

Lithium hydride
Space-filling model of part of the crystal structure of lithium hydride
  Lithium cation, Li+
  Hydrogen anion, H−

__H− __Li+
Structure of lithium hydride.
Space-filling model of the lithium hydride molecule
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.623 Edit this at Wikidata
RTECS number
  • OJ6300000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Li.Hssss ☒N
    Key: SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/Li.H/q+1;-1
    Key: SRTHRWZAMDZJOS-UHFFFAOYAZ
  • [H-].[Li+]
Properties
LiH
Molar mass 7.95 g·mol−1
Appearance colorless to gray solid[1]
Density 0.78 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 688.7 °C (1,271.7 °F; 961.9 K)[1]
Boiling point 900–1,000 °C (1,650–1,830 °F; 1,170–1,270 K) (decomposes)[2]
reacts
Solubility slightly soluble in dimethylformamide
reacts with ammonia, diethyl ether, ethanol
−4.6·10−6 cm3/mol
1.9847[3]: 43 
Structure
fcc (NaCl-type)
a = 0.40834 nm[3]: 56 
6.0 D[3]: 35 
Thermochemistry
3.51 J/(g·K)
170.8 J/(mol·K)
−90.65 kJ/mol
−68.48 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 extremely strong irritant, highly toxic, highly corrosive
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS05: CorrosiveGHS06: Toxic
Danger
H260, H301, H314
P223, P231+P232, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 2: Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur. Flash point between 38 and 93 °C (100 and 200 °F). E.g. diesel fuelInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g. sodium, sulfuric acid
3
2
2
W
200 °C (392 °F; 473 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
77.5 mg/kg (oral, rat)[5]
22 mg/m3 (rat, 4 h)[6]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.025 mg/m3[4]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.025 mg/m3[4]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 0.5 mg/m3[4]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0813
Related compounds
Other cations
 Sodium hydride
Potassium hydride
Rubidium hydride
Caesium hydride
Related compounds
 Lithium borohydride
Lithium aluminium hydride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Lithium hydride is an inorganic compound with the formula LiH. This alkali metal hydride is a colorless solid, although commercial samples are grey. Characteristic of a salt-like (ionic) hydride, it has a high melting point, and it is not soluble but reactive with all protic organic solvents. It is soluble and nonreactive with certain molten salts such as lithium fluoride, lithium borohydride, and sodium hydride. With a molar mass of 7.95 g/mol, it is the lightest ionic compound.

  1. ^ a b c Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. p. 4.70. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  2. ^ David Arthur Johnson; Open University (12 August 2002). Metals and chemical change. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 167–. ISBN 978-0-85404-665-2. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  3. ^ a b c Smith, R. L.; Miser, J. W. (1963). Compilation of the properties of lithium hydride. NASA.
  4. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0371". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ^ Chambers, Michael. "ChemIDplus - 7580-67-8 - SIAPCJWMELPYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Lithium hydride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  6. ^ "Lithium hydride". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).