Lithium hydroxide

Lithium hydroxide
Lithium hydroxide

  Li+       O2−       H+
Lithium-hydroxide.jpg
Names
IUPAC name
Lithium hydroxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.804 Edit this at Wikidata
68415
RTECS number
  • OJ6307070
UNII
UN number 2680
  • InChI=1S/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 checkY
    Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
    Key: WMFOQBRAJBCJND-REWHXWO
  • [Li+].[OH-]
Properties
LiOH
Molar mass
  • 23.95 g/mol (anhydrous)
  • 41.96 g/mol (monohydrate)
Appearance white solid
Odor none
Density
  • 1.46 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
  • 1.51 g/cm3 (monohydrate)
Melting point 462 °C (864 °F; 735 K)
Boiling point 924 °C (1,695 °F; 1,197 K) (decomposes)
  • anhydrous:
  • 12.7 g/(100 mL) (0 °C)
  • 12.8 g/(100 mL) (20 °C)
  • 17.5 g/(100 mL) (100 °C)
  • monohydrate:
  • 22.3 g/(100 mL) (10 °C)
  • 26.8 g/(100 mL) (80 °C)[1]
Solubility in methanol
  • 9.76 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)
  • 13.69 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)[2]
Solubility in ethanol
  • 2.36 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)
  • 2.18 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)[2]
Solubility in isopropanol
  • 0 g/(100 g) (anhydrous; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)
  • 0.11 g/(100 g) (monohydrate; 20 °C, 48 hours mixing)[2]
Acidity (pKa) 14.4[3]
Conjugate base Lithium monoxide anion
−12.3·10−6 cm3/mol
  • 1.464 (anhydrous)
  • 1.460 (monohydrate)
4.754 D[4]
Thermochemistry[5]
49.6 J/(mol·K)
42.8 J/(mol·K)
−487.5 kJ/mol
−441.5 kJ/mol
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)
 20.9 kJ/mol (at melting point)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Corrosive
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
210 mg/kg (oral, rat)[6]
Safety data sheet (SDS) "ICSC 0913".
"ICSC 0914". (monohydrate)
Related compounds
Other anions
 Lithium amide
Other cations
Related compounds
 Lithium oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula LiOH. It can exist as anhydrous or hydrated, and both forms are white hygroscopic solids. They are soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. Both are available commercially. While classified as a strong base, lithium hydroxide is the weakest known alkali metal hydroxide.

  1. ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
  2. ^ a b c Khosravi J (2007). Production of Lithium Peroxide and Lithium Oxide in an Alcohol Medium. Chapter 9: Results. ISBN 978-0-494-38597-5.
  3. ^ Popov K, Lajunen LH, Popov A, Rönkkömäki H, Hannu-Kuure H, Vendilo A (2002). "7Li, 23Na, 39K and 133Cs NMR comparative equilibrium study of alkali metal cation hydroxide complexes in aqueous solutions. First numerical value for CsOH formation". Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 5 (3): 223–225. doi:10.1016/S1387-7003(02)00335-0. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  4. ^ CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  5. ^ CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2016-2017, 97th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida. 2016. ISBN 978-1-4987-5428-6. OCLC 930681942.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  6. ^ Chambers M. "ChemIDplus – 1310-65-2 – WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M – Lithium hydroxide anhydrous – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 April 2018.