Lithium iron phosphate

Lithium iron phosphate
Names
IUPAC name
iron(2+) lithium phosphate (1:1:1)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.124.705 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 604-917-2
  • InChI=1S/Fe.Li.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q+2;+1;/p-3 checkY
    Key: GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K checkY
  • InChI=1S/Fe.Li.H3O4P/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q+2;+1;/p-3
  • Key: GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K
  • [Fe+2].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O
Properties
FeLiO
4P
Molar mass 157.757
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Lithium iron phosphate or lithium ferro-phosphate (LFP) is an inorganic compound with the formula LiFePO
4. It is a gray, red-grey, brown or black solid that is insoluble in water. The material has attracted attention as a component of lithium iron phosphate batteries,[1] a type of Li-ion battery.[2] This battery chemistry is targeted for use in power tools, electric vehicles, solar energy installations[3][4] and more recently large grid-scale energy storage.[5][2]

Most lithium batteries (Li-ion) used in consumer electronics products use cathodes made of lithium compounds such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO
2), lithium manganese oxide (LiMn
2O
4), and lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO
2). The anodes are generally made of graphite.

Lithium iron phosphate exists naturally in the form of the mineral triphylite, but this material has insufficient purity for use in batteries.

  1. ^ Park, O. K.; Cho, Y.; Lee, S.; Yoo, H.-C.; Song, H.-K.; Cho, J., "Who Will Drive Electric Vehicles, Olivine or Spinel?", Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, volume 4, pages 1621-1633. doi:10.1039/c0ee00559b
  2. ^ a b Chung, Hsien-Ching; Nguyen, Thi Dieu Hien; Lin, Shih-Yang; Li, Wei-Bang; Tran, Ngoc Thanh Thuy; Thi Han, Nguyen; Liu, Hsin-Yi; Pham, Hai Duong; Lin, Ming-Fa (December 2021). "Chapter 16 - Engineering integrations, potential applications, and outlooks of Li-ion battery industry". First-Principles Calculations for Cathode, Electrolyte and Anode Battery Materials. IOP Publishing. doi:10.1088/978-0-7503-4685-6ch16. ISBN 978-0-7503-4685-6.
  3. ^ Chung, Hsien-Ching (13 June 2024). "The Long-Term Usage of an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System with a Lithium-Ion Battery-Based Energy Storage System on High Mountains: A Case Study in Paiyun Lodge on Mt. Jade in Taiwan". Batteries. 10 (6): 202. arXiv:2405.04225. doi:10.3390/batteries10060202.
  4. ^ Ozawa, Ryan (7 July 2015). "New Energy Storage Startup to Take Hawaii Homes Off-Grid". Hawaii Blog. Retrieved 2015-07-09.
  5. ^ "Google Looks to Batteries as Replacement for Diesel Generators". 16 December 2020.