Lloyd Loar

Lloyd Loar
Lloyd Loar, with Gibson F2 mandolin c. 1911
Born
Lloyd Allayre Loar

January 9, 1886 (1886-01-09)[1]
DiedSeptember 14, 1943 (1943-09-15) (aged 57)[2]
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Education
Occupations
  • Musician
  • composer
  • luthier
  • sound engineer
  • educator
[2]
Years active
  • c. 1906-1943
  • Fisher Shipp Concert Company c.1906 - c. 1920[4]
  • Gibson 1919-1924
  • Gulbranson Piano Company, Chicago[5]
  • Northwestern University c. 1931-1943[5][2]
Known for
Notable work
Spouses
  • Fisher Shipp (1916-c.1935)[6]
  • Bertha Snyder (1939-1943)[3]

Lloyd Allayre Loar (1886–1943) was an American musician, instrument designer and sound engineer. He is best known for his design work with the Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Mfg. Co. Ltd. in the early 20th century,[3] including the F-5 model mandolin and L-5 guitar. In his later years he worked on electric amplification of stringed instruments, and demonstrated them around the country.[7] One example, played in public in 1938 was an electric viola that used electric coils beneath the bridge, with no back, able to "drown out the loudest trumpet."[7]

In 1898 Orville Gibson had patented a new kind of mandolin that followed violin design, with its curved top and bottom carved into shape, rather than pressed.[8] The sides too were carved out of a single block of wood, rather than being made of bent wood strips.[8] The instruments were already unique before Lloyd Loar came to work for Gibson. However, it is the Loar-designed instruments that became especially desirable. First made famous by Bill Monroe, Loar's signed mandolins today can cost as much as $200,000. The L-5 guitar owned by Maybelle Carter, which was made after he left Gibson, sold for $575,000.[9]

Among the changes that Loar introduced was the f-hole instead of a round or oval sound-hole, another violin-family feature imported to the mandolin.[8] He also "tuned" the tops of the instrument and the sound chamber (by removing bits of wood from sound bars and from the edges of the sound holes) so that the instrument's sound chamber was resonant to a particular note. Another change that Loar introduced to the Gibson line was a tone-producer, a circle of wood inside the instrument on the underside of the sound board that produced "overtones." His idea was to have a more complete set of these overtones with the carved top instruments. The result was an instrument that, like Stradivarius’ violins, has presented challenges to duplicate. Luthier-researchers such as Roger Siminoff have worked to understand the fine details. Gibsons' and Loar's mandolins were instrumental in displacing the round-backed instrument from the American market and influenced mandolins worldwide.

He also developed keyboard-stringed instruments. According to Roger Siminoff, he developed unique mechanisms to create sound. One plucked strings, the other struck metal reeds.

Loar was also a well-regarded musician on mandolin, viola, and musical saw. He traveled the United States and Europe in several musical groups. In one group, he performed with his future wife, Fisher Shipp.[10] A surviving playbill shows that Loar performed in a chatauqua that also included a speech by William Jennings Bryan.[11] Loar performed in many other groups that promoted the Gibson company, whose products Loar endorses in early Gibson catalogs.

Lloyd also taught at Northwestern University from 1930 to 1943, teaching vocal composition, advanced music theory and "The Physics of Music".[2][12]

  1. ^ Siminoff, Roger. "Lloyd Allayre Loar – Background". siminoff.net. Archived from the original on 2010-01-24. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
  2. ^ a b c d "Lloyd Allayre Loar". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. 16 September 1943. p. 32. Retrieved 12 May 2018. pianist, composer, instructor in the physics of music at Northwestern University...died Chicago
  3. ^ a b c d e f "In Memoriam, Lloyd A. Loar". Fretted Instrument News. Providence, Rhode Island: The Rhode Island Music Company. November–December 1943. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  4. ^ "Columbian Entertainers". The Mapleton Press. Mapleton, Kansas. 19 October 1906. Retrieved 22 May 2018. Fisher Shipp, reader...Etta Goode Heacock...Lloyd A Loar, mandolin soloist
  5. ^ a b "Innovation in program promised". The Austin American. Austin, Texas. 12 November 1933. p. 20. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  6. ^ "Afternoon performance". The Pantagraph. Bloomington, Illinois. 8 July 1922. p. 7. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  7. ^ a b "There's No Back On This Viola, But It's Got Power". The Courier. Waterloo, Iowa. 10 January 1938. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
  8. ^ a b c Sparks 2003, p. 129–130
  9. ^ Alcantara, Paul. "85558- Gibson L-5". prewargibsonl-5.com. Archived from the original on 2017-05-04. Retrieved 20 May 2018. Joe Spann...Spann's Guide to Gibson...I conclude that Maybelle's guitar was shipped in January of 1930.
  10. ^ digital.lib.uiowa.edu. "University of Iowa Digital Library". Retrieved 2010-01-05.
  11. ^ digital.lib.uiowa.edu. "University of Iowa Digital Libraries". Retrieved 2010-01-05.
  12. ^ Siminoff, Roger. "Loar's Classes at Northwestern". siminoff.net. Retrieved 20 May 2018.