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Louis I | |
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Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine | |
Reign | 14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830 |
Successor | Louis II |
Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | |
Reign | 6 April 1790 – 14 August 1806 |
Predecessor | Louis IX |
Born | Prenzlau, Brandenburg | 14 June 1753
Died | 6 April 1830 Darmstadt, Hesse | (aged 76)
Spouse | |
Issue | Grand Duke Louis II Princess Louise Prince George Prince Frederick Prince Emil Prince Gustav |
House | Hesse-Darmstadt |
Father | Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt |
Mother | Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken |
Grand Ducal Family of Hesse and by Rhine |
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Louis I |
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Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse (14 June 1753 in Prenzlau – 6 April 1830 in Darmstadt) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (as Louis X) and later the first Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.
Louis was the son of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and succeeded his father in 1790. He presided over a significant increase in territory for Hesse-Darmstadt during the imperial reorganizations of 1801–1803, most notably the Duchy of Westphalia, hitherto subject to the Archbishop of Cologne. Allied to Napoleon I of France, Louis in 1806 was elevated to the title of a Grand Duke of Hesse and joined the Confederation of the Rhine, leading to the dissolution of the Empire. At the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15, Louis had to give up his Westphalian territories, but was compensated with the district of Rheinhessen on the left bank of the Rhine. Because of this addition, he amended his title to Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.