Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse

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Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine

Louis I
Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
Reign	14 August 1806 – 6 April 1830
Successor	Louis II
Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Reign	6 April 1790 – 14 August 1806
Predecessor	Louis IX
Born	(1753-06-14)14 June 1753 Prenzlau, Brandenburg
Died	6 April 1830(1830-04-06) (aged 76) Darmstadt, Hesse
Spouse	Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt ​ ​ (m. 1777; died 1829)​
Issue	Grand Duke Louis II Princess Louise Prince George Prince Frederick Prince Emil Prince Gustav
House	Hesse-Darmstadt
Father	Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Mother	Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken

Grand Ducal Family of Hesse and by Rhine
Louis I
Children Louis II Louise, Princess Louis of Anhalt-Köthen Prince Georg Prince Friedrich Prince Emil Prince Gustav
v t e

Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse (14 June 1753 in Prenzlau – 6 April 1830 in Darmstadt) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (as Louis X) and later the first Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.

Louis was the son of Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, and succeeded his father in 1790. He presided over a significant increase in territory for Hesse-Darmstadt during the imperial reorganizations of 1801–1803, most notably the Duchy of Westphalia, hitherto subject to the Archbishop of Cologne. Allied to Napoleon I of France, Louis in 1806 was elevated to the title of a Grand Duke of Hesse and joined the Confederation of the Rhine, leading to the dissolution of the Empire. At the Congress of Vienna in 1814/15, Louis had to give up his Westphalian territories, but was compensated with the district of Rheinhessen on the left bank of the Rhine. Because of this addition, he amended his title to Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine.