Luxembourg City

"Luxembourg, Luxembourg" redirects here. For the 2022 film, see Luxembourg, Luxembourg (film).

Luxembourg
Capital city and commune
Stad Lëtzebuerg
View of the Ville Haute, including the Fortress of Luxembourg, the Gëlle Fra and the Notre-Dame Cathedral
Grand Ducal Palace
Luxembourg tram
Place d'Armes
Schueberfouer
Kirchberg
Flag of Luxembourg
Flag
Coat of arms of Luxembourg
Coat of arms
Official logo of Luxembourg
Brandmark
Luxembourg is located in Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Location within Luxembourg
Luxembourg is located in Europe
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Location within Europe
Coordinates: 49°36′42″N 6°7′55″E / 49.61167°N 6.13194°E / 49.61167; 6.13194
CountryLuxembourg
CantonLuxembourg
Government
 • MayorLydie Polfer (DP)
Area
 • Total
51.46 km2 (19.87 sq mi)
 • Rank7th of 100
Highest elevation
402 m (1,319 ft)
 • Rank48th of 100
Lowest elevation
230 m (750 ft)
 • Rank42nd of 100
Population
 (2024)
 • Total
134,697
 • Rank1st of 100
 • Density2,600/km2 (6,800/sq mi)
  • Rank2nd of 100
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
LAU 2LU0000304
Websitevdl.lu
Map
Click on the map for a fullscreen view

Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg; French: Luxembourg; German: Luxemburg),[pron 1] also known as Luxembourg City (Luxembourgish: Stad Lëtzebuerg or d'Stad; French: Ville de Luxembourg; German: Stadt Luxemburg or Luxemburg-Stadt),[pron 2] is the capital city of Luxembourg and the country's most populous commune. Standing at the confluence of the Alzette and Pétrusse rivers in southern Luxembourg, the city lies at the heart of Western Europe, situated 213 km (132 mi) by road from Brussels and 209 km (130 mi) from Cologne.[1] The city contains Luxembourg Castle, established by the Franks in the Early Middle Ages, around which a settlement developed.

As of 1 September 2024, Luxembourg City has a population of 135,441 inhabitants,[2] which is more than three times the population of the country's second most populous commune (Esch-sur-Alzette). The population consists of 160 nationalities. Foreigners represent 70.4% of the city's population, whilst Luxembourgers represent 29.6% of the population; the number of foreign-born residents in the city rises steadily each year.[3]

In 2024, Luxembourg was ranked by the IMF as having the highest GDP per capita in the world at $140,310 (PPP),[4] with the city having developed into a banking and administrative centre. In the 2019 Mercer worldwide survey of 231 cities, Luxembourg was placed first for personal safety, while it was ranked 18th for quality of living.[5]

Luxembourg is one of the de facto capitals of the European Union (alongside Brussels, Frankfurt and Strasbourg), as it is the seat of several institutions, agencies and bodies, including the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Auditors, the Secretariat of the European Parliament, the European Public Prosecutor's Office, the European Investment Bank, the European Investment Fund, the European Stability Mechanism, Eurostat, as well as other European Commission departments and services.[6] The Council of the European Union meets in the city for three months annually.[6]


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  1. ^ "Great Circle Distances between Cities". United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 26 March 2005. Retrieved 23 July 2006.
  2. ^ "La ville en chiffres". vdl.lu. Retrieved 5 October 2024.
  3. ^ "The capital of Luxembourg counts 110,499 inhabitants". www.luxembourg.public.lu. Archived from the original on 3 October 2019. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
  4. ^ "Luxembourg". International Monetary Fund. January 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2024.
  5. ^ "Quality of living city ranking". Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  6. ^ a b "The European institutions in Luxembourg". luxembourg.public.lu. Retrieved 5 August 2021.