M-69 (spacecraft)

Mars-69 (2M)
ManufacturerNPO Lavochkin
Country of originSoviet Union
Specifications
Launch mass4,850 kg (10,690 lb)
← Luna E-8 M-71

The Mars-69/M-69 or 2M was the designation given to 2 Soviet Mars probes that were to be sent in 1969.[1][2][3] Based on the Luna E-8 landers used for Luna 15-24 (including Lunokhod 1 and 2),[4] they were the first attempted Mars and Interplanetary Orbiters. The probes, however, were both destroyed in separate launches in early 1969.[2]

  1. ^ "Mars M69 #1, #2". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  2. ^ a b "M-69 Mars missions". www.russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
  3. ^ "Mars M-69". astronautix.com. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  4. ^ "First Pictures of the Surface of Venus". mentallandscape.com. Retrieved 2022-04-18.