MN-25 (UR-12) is a drug invented by Bristol-Myers Squibb,[1] that acts as a reasonably selective agonist of peripheral cannabinoid receptors.[2] It has moderate affinity for CB2 receptors with a Ki of 11 nM, but 22x lower affinity for the psychoactive CB1 receptors with a Ki of 245 nM. The indole 2-methyl derivative has the ratio of affinities reversed however, with a Ki of 8 nM at CB1 and 29 nM at CB2,[3][4] which contrasts with the usual trend of 2-methyl derivatives having increased selectivity for CB2 (cf. JWH-018 vs JWH-007, JWH-081 vs JWH-098).[5][6]
Chemically, it is closely related to another indole-3-carboxamide synthetic cannabinoid, Org 28611, but with a different cycloalkyl substitution on the carboxamide, and the cyclohexylmethyl group replaced by morpholinylethyl, as in JWH-200 or A-796,260. Early compounds such as these have subsequently led to the development of many related indole-3-carboxamide cannabinoid ligands.[7][8][9][10]
^WO application 0158869, Leftheris K, Zhao R, Chen BC, Kiener P, Wu H, Pandit CR, Wrobleski S, Chen P, Hynes J, Longphre M, Norris DJ, Spergel S, Tokarski J, "Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators, Their Processes of Preparation, and use of Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators for Treating Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Diseases", published 16 August 2001, assigned to Bristol-Myers Squibb
^Wrobleski ST, Chen P, Hynes J, Lin S, Norris DJ, Pandit CR, Spergel S, Wu H, Tokarski JS, Chen X, Gillooly KM, Kiener PA, McIntyre KW, Patil-Koota V, Shuster DJ, Turk LA, Yang G, Leftheris K (May 2003). "Rational design and synthesis of an orally active indolopyridone as a novel conformationally constrained cannabinoid ligand possessing antiinflammatory properties". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 46 (11): 2110–6. doi:10.1021/jm020329q. PMID12747783.
^Huffman JW, Padgett LW (2005). "Recent developments in the medicinal chemistry of cannabimimetic indoles, pyrroles and indenes". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 12 (12): 1395–411. doi:10.2174/0929867054020864. PMID15974991.
^Manera C, Tuccinardi T, Martinelli A (April 2008). "Indoles and related compounds as cannabinoid ligands". Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry. 8 (4): 370–87. doi:10.2174/138955708783955935. PMID18473928.
^Adam JM, Cairns J, Caulfield W, Cowley P, Cumming I, Easson M, et al. (2010). "Design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationships of indole-3-carboxamides as novel water soluble cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists". MedChemComm. 1. Royal Society of Chemistry: 54–60. doi:10.1039/c0md00022a.
^Kiyoi T, York M, Francis S, Edwards D, Walker G, Houghton AK, Cottney JE, Baker J, Adam JM (August 2010). "Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship study of conformationally constrained analogs of indole-3-carboxamides as novel CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 20 (16): 4918–21. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.067. PMID20634067.
^Moir EM, Yoshiizumi K, Cairns J, Cowley P, Ferguson M, Jeremiah F, Kiyoi T, Morphy R, Tierney J, Wishart G, York M, Baker J, Cottney JE, Houghton AK, McPhail P, Osprey A, Walker G, Adam JM (December 2010). "Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship study of bicyclic piperazine analogs of indole-3-carboxamides as novel cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 20 (24): 7327–30. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.061. PMID21074434.
^Blaazer AR, Lange JH, van der Neut MA, Mulder A, den Boon FS, Werkman TR, Kruse CG, Wadman WJ (October 2011). "Novel indole and azaindole (pyrrolopyridine) cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonists: design, synthesis, structure-activity relationships, physicochemical properties and biological activity". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 46 (10): 5086–98. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.08.021. PMID21885167.