Mahakam River

Mahakam
Mahakam River at Samarinda
Location
CountryIndonesia
ProvinceEast Kalimantan
Towns/CitiesSamarinda, Tenggarong, Sebulu, Muara Kaman, Kota Bangun, Melak, Long Iram
Physical characteristics
SourceCemaru
 • locationIndonesia
 • coordinates1°16′59.142″N 114°28′31.0296″E / 1.28309500°N 114.475286000°E / 1.28309500; 114.475286000
 • elevation1,681 m (5,515 ft)
MouthMakassar Strait
 • location
Indonesia
 • coordinates
0°35′6″S 117°16′33″E / 0.58500°S 117.27583°E / -0.58500; 117.27583
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length980 km (610 mi)[1]
Basin size77,095.51 km2 (29,766.74 sq mi)[1]
Width 
 • minimum145 m (476 ft)
 • average300 m (980 ft)[2]
 • maximum1,260 m (4,130 ft)
Depth 
 • average15 m (49 ft)[2]
 • maximum60.2 m (198 ft)[2]
Discharge 
 • locationMahakam Delta
 • average(Period: 2003–2016)4,278 m3/s (151,100 cu ft/s)[3]
Discharge 
 • locationSamarinda
 • average(Period: 1996–2005)122.248 km3/a (3,873.8 m3/s)[4]
Discharge 
 • locationTenggarong
 • average(Period: 1985–2012)123 km3/a (3,900 m3/s)[5]
 • minimum375 m3/s (13,200 cu ft/s)[5]
 • maximum12,200 m3/s (430,000 cu ft/s)[5] 24,156 m3/s (853,100 cu ft/s)(2012)[6]
Discharge 
 • locationMelak
 • average(Period: 1998–2010)2,000 m3/s (71,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Basin features
ProgressionMakassar Strait
River systemMahakam River[7]
Tributaries 
 • leftMelaseh, Tepai, Nyaan, Boh, Medang, Pariq, Muyub, Pela, Belayan, Telen, Kedang Rantau
 • rightUsok, Danum Parae, Kosso, Cihar, Ratah, Kedang Pahu, Bongan, Jembayan
Kalimantan is located in Kalimantan
Mahakam
Mahakam
Mahakam River in Kalimantan

The Mahakam River (Indonesian: Sungai Mahakam) is third longest and volume discharge river in Borneo after Kapuas River and Barito River, it is located in Kalimantan, Indonesia. It flows 980 kilometers (610 miles) from the district of Long Apari in the highlands of Borneo, to its mouth at the Makassar Strait.

The city of Samarinda, the provincial capital of East Kalimantan, lies along 48 kilometers (30 mi) from the river mouth. The delta Mahakam river consist of specific micro climate which is influenced by high and low tide at sea level.

  1. ^ a b PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR WILAYAH SUNGAI MAHAKAM (PDF). 2017.
  2. ^ a b c B., Vermeulen; A. J. F., Hoitink; S. W., van Berkum; H., Hidayat (2014). "Sharp bends associated with deep scours in a tropical river: The river Mahakam (East Kalimantan, Indonesia)". Earth Surface. 119 (7): 1441-1454. doi:10.1002/2013JF002923.
  3. ^ Ting-Hsuan, Huang; Chen-Tung, Arthur Chen; Hsiao-Chun, Tseng; Jiann-Yuh, Lou; Shu Lun, Wang; Liyang, Yang; Selvaraj, Kandasamy; Xuelu, Gao; Jough-Tai, Wang; Edvin, Aldrian; G.S., Jacinto; Gusti Z., Anshari; Penjai, Sompongchaiyakul; B.J., Wang (May 2017). "Riverine carbon fluxes to the South China Sea: Riverine carbon fluxes to the SCS". Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 122 (5): 1239–1259. doi:10.1002/2016JG003701. S2CID 135024272.
  4. ^ A.Y., Hoekstra; M.M., Mekonnen (September 2011). "GLOBAL WATER SCARCITY: THE MONTHLY BLUE WATER FOOTPRINT COMPARED TO BLUE WATER AVAILABILITY FOR THE WORLD'S MAJOR RIVER BASINS-VALUE OF WATER RESEARCH REPORT SERIES NO.53" (PDF).
  5. ^ a b c d Erni, Butar Butar; Marisa, Handajani; Dhemi, Harlan; Arwin, Sabar (2015). Hydrological Regime of Mahakam River Basin Upstream. International Conference on Environmental Forensics 2015. Universiti Putra Malaysia: Elsevier B.V.
  6. ^ H., Hidayat (2013). Runoff, discharge and flood occunence in a poorly gauged tropical basin–The Mahakam River, Kalimantan (PDF). p. 114. ISBN 978-94-6173-743-4.
  7. ^ Hukum Online. "Keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No. SK.511/MENHUT-V/2011" (in Indonesian).